首页
登录
职称英语
Tourism Tourism, holidaymaking and travel these are
Tourism Tourism, holidaymaking and travel these are
游客
2023-07-16
23
管理
问题
Tourism
Tourism, holidaymaking and travel these are days more significant social phenomena than most commen tators have considered. On the face of it there could not be a more trivial subject for a book. And indeed since social scientists have had considerable difficulty explaining weightier topics, such as work or politics, it might be thought that they would have great difficulties in accounting for more trivial phenomena such as holidaymaking. However. there are interesting parallels with the study of deviance. This involves the investigation of bizarre and idiosyncratic social practices which happen to be defined as deviant in some societies but not necessarily in others. The assumption is that the investigation of deviance can reveal interesting and significant aspects of "normal" societies. It could be said that a similar analysis can be applied to tourism.
Tourism is a leisure activity which presupposes its opposite, namely regulated and organized work. It is one manifestation of how work and leisure are organized as separate and regulated spheres of social practice in "modem" societies, Indeed acting as a tourist is one of the defining characteristics of being "modern" and the popular concept of tourism is that, it is organized within particular place and occurs for regularized periods of time. Tourist relationships arise from a movement of people to, and their stay in, various destinations. This necessarily involves some movement, that is the journey, and a period of stay in a new place or places. The journey and the stay are by definition outside the normal places, of residence and work, and are of a short-term and temporary nature, and there is a clear intention to return home within a relatively short period of time.
A substantial proportion of the population of modern societies engages in such tourist practices; new socialized forms of prevision have developed in order to cope with the mass character of the gazes of tourists, as opposed to the individual character of travel. Places are chosen to be visited and be gazed upon because there is an anticipation especially through daydreaming and fantasy of intense pleasures, either on a different scale or involving different senses from those customarily encountered. Such anticipation is constructed and sustainedthrough a variety of non-tourist practices, such as films, TV, literature, magazines, records and videos which construct and reinforce this daydreaming.
Tourists tend to visit features of landscape and townscape which separate them off from everyday experience. Such aspects are viewed because they are taken to be in some sense out of the ordinary. The viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of social patterning with a much greater sensitivity to visual elements of landscape or townscape than is normally found in everyday life. People linger over these sights in a way that they would not normally do in their home environment and the vision is objectified or captured through photographs, postcards films and so on which enable the memory to be endlessly reproduced and recaptured.
One of the earliest dissertations on the subject of tourism is Boorstin’s analysis of the "pseudo-event" (1964) where he argues that contemporary Americans cannot experience "reality" directly but thrive on "pseudo-events". Isolated from the host environment and the local people, the mass tourist travels in guided groups and finds pleasure in inauthentic contrived attractions, gullibly enjoying the pseudo-events and disregarding the real world outside. Over time the images generated of different tourist sights come to constitute a closed selfperpetuating system of illusions which provide the tourist with the basis for selecting and evaluating potential places to visit. Such visits are made, says Boorstin, within the "environmental bubble" of the familiar Americanstyle hotel which insulates the tourist from the strangeness of the host environment.
To service the burgeoning tourist industry, an army of professionals has developed who attempt to reproduce ever-new objects for the tourist to look at. These objects or places are located in a complex and changing hierarchy. This depends upon the interplay between, on the one hand competition between interests involved in the provision of such objects and, on the other hand, changing class, gender, and generational distinctions of taste within the potential population of visitors. It has been said that to be a tourist is one of the characteristics of the "modem experience". Not to "go away" is like not possessing a car or a nice house. Travel is a marker of status in modem societies and is also thought to be necessary for good health. The role of the professional, therefore, is to cater for the needs and tastes of the tourists in accordance with their class and overall expectations. [br] People view tourist landscapes in a different way from ______.
选项
答案
places seen in everyday life
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2842710.html
相关试题推荐
Asinthefieldofspacetravel,soinunderseaexplorationnewtechnologiescon
Asinthefieldofspacetravel,soinunderseaexplorationnewtechnologiescon
Asinthefieldofspacetravel,soinunderseaexplorationnewtechnologiescon
[originaltext]Nearly400yearsagoayoungmantraveleduptoLondon.They
Ifyou’replanningtotraveloverseas,themostcommonformof【B1】______isb
Ifyou’replanningtotraveloverseas,themostcommonformof【B1】______isb
Ifyou’replanningtotraveloverseas,themostcommonformof【B1】______isb
Ifyou’replanningtotraveloverseas,themostcommonformof【B1】______isb
Ifyou’replanningtotraveloverseas,themostcommonformof【B1】______isb
Ifyou’replanningtotraveloverseas,themostcommonformof【B1】______isb
随机试题
Settlementsofboundariesbetweenvillageswerebyallaccountstremendouslycon
改错题:阅读短文,改正文中的文字、标点符号差错。(本题24分) “废墟”这两个
A. B. C. D.
初步提出建设项目管理方案,是()阶段的主要内容之一。A.项目建议书 B.预
牙隐裂好发于A.上颌第一磨牙 B.上颌第二磨牙 C.下颌前磨牙 D.下颌第
医师发现或怀疑胎儿异常时,应当对孕妇进行产前诊断。“产前诊断”是指A.孕妇健康诊
下列关于期货交易制度的论述中,错误的是()。A、任何期货交易者必须按其买入或
三名同学报名参加绘画、舞蹈、羽毛球的课外兴趣班,若每人选择其中两项,则有且仅有两
购买健身器材品时申请的贷款属于下列哪一方式?() A.个人耐用消费品贷款B
政府财政投资的决策标准不包括()。A.成本—效益最大化标准 B.资产—产出比
最新回复
(
0
)