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  3. Researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine published

Researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine published

游客2023-07-07  36
问题     Researchers at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine published a study showing that, because of food production and transportation factors, a population of heavier people contributes more harmful gases to the planet than a population of thin people.
    Given that it takes more energy to move heavier people, transportation of heavier people requires more fuel, which creates more greenhouse gas emissions, the authors write.
    "The main message is staying thin. It’s good for you, and it’s good for the planet," said Phil Edwards, senior lecturer at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
    More than 1 billion adults worldwide are overweight, and about 300 million are obese(过度肥胖的), the study said. Generally, the body mass index, a measure of obesity, is increasing in most countries worldwide, from China to European countries to the United States.
    BMI is going up because of the availability of food and motorized transportation, Edwards said. People are less active now than they were 30 years ago, and the prevalence of fast food has given people less healthy, more energy-dense options.
    Using statistical models, the authors compared the distribution of BMI in the United Kingdom in the 1970s — when 3.5 percent of the population was obese — with a prediction for the country’s BMI distribution in 2010, reflecting 40 percent obesity.
    "In terms of environmental impact, the lean population has a much smaller carbon footprint," Edwards said.
    The population with 40 percent obese people requires 19 percent more food energy for its total energy expenditure than the population with 3.5 percent obese people, the study showed. This 19 percent increase in food consumption translates into an increase of 270 million metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions, the study said.
    "The findings make sense and highlight an important global co-benefit of losing weight, along with the significant personal health benefits," said Patrick Kinney, associate professor at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health, who was not involved in the study.
    In terms of obesity rate, the U.S. population is not far off from the overweight population model in this study. The country has 33.3 percent obese people, according to the Mayo Clinic.
    The study suggests that governments have a responsibility to encourage people to be more physically active, Edwards said. Active transportation, such as cycling and walking, helps maintain a healthy weight but requires safe streets, he said.
    "If the government wants to promote active transport, which would be good for the environment and for individual health, it needs to make the environment safe to do that," he said. [br] From the passage we learn that Patrick Kinney and Phil Edwards______.
选项 A、shared a similar view on the benefits of staying thin
B、had totally different opinions on the harm of obesity
C、indicated that the government be blamed for the obesity
D、worked for different institutes but both participated in the study
答案 A
解析 倒数第4段提到，帕特里克·金尼的观点是，这些结果非常有意义，它们揭示了减肥是为了全球的共同利益，且对个人健康也益处良多：从第3段可知，菲尔·爱德华兹的观点是保持苗条对个人和环境都有益处，因此可知，二人的观点相似，故答案为A)。B)与原文矛盾。文中倒数第2段提到，政府有责任鼓励人们加强运动，但没有提到肥胖应归咎于政府，故C)不正确。D)与倒数第4段PatrickKinney…was not involved in the study相矛盾。
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