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  3. How different would conditions be today economically and politically if unem

How different would conditions be today economically and politically if unem

游客2023-07-06  31
问题     How different would conditions be today economically and politically if unemployment were 7 percent instead of its current 8.2 percent? For one thing, some two million unemployed workers would have jobs, and the rate of economic growth would be comfortably above 2 percent, instead of below that pace. This conception could have been possible if federal aid to states had been supported, saving hundreds of thousands of public-sector jobs.
    A recent analysis by the Economic Policy Institute shows that the loss of public-sector jobs, largely because of state budget cuts, has been the biggest hit to job growth over the past three years. The direct jobs lost—627, 000 since June 2009—understates the drag because population growth alone suggests that the public sector should have added nearly 500,000 jobs over that time simply to restore government employment to its norm of the last 20 years. In all, the public sector is coming up short by 1. 1 million jobs, including positions for teachers, social workers, public health officials and other professions that would have been filled by many of today’s unemployed college graduates.
    Worse, the public-sector gap of 1. 1 million jobs has translated into some 750,000 lost jobs in the private sector, the result of contractors losing government business and less spending by laid-off government workers. In addition, another 400,000 or so jobs have been lost because of cutbacks in state aid to the poor and unemployed, which reduce consumer spending.
    The effects from a depressed public sector are profound because state and local spending on employees, contractors and beneficiaries sweeps swiftly over the economy. When that spending is depressed, the entire economy suffers.
    The bottom line of the institute’s report is that if it weren’t for state and local budget tightening, the economy would have 2.3 million more jobs today. The lesson is that the best and easiest way to reverse job losses would be for Congress to provide financial aid to states. Preventing such aid, as Republicans have done, is a way to keep unemployment raised and their hopes to win the White House alive. Jobless Americans, struggling businesses and hard-pressed communities are victims in the situation. [br] Why have Republicans prevented such aid?
选项 A、Because they want to keep unemployment raised.
B、Because they don’t know the way to reverse job losses.
C、Because they hope to win the White House alive.
D、Because they don’t care about who suffer from the situation.
答案 C
解析 事实细节题。本题考查共和党阻止国会援助的原因。定位句中的a way to意为“……的方法”，该短语后往往表示要达到的某一结果，由此可知共和党希望通过阻止援助以使失业率上升和赢得总统大选。但根据常识可判断，导致失业率上升这一结果是共和党政策造成的副作用，而不是主要目的，故C)“因为他们希望在白宫中胜出”为本题答案。A)“因为他们希望失业率上升”、B)“因为他们不知道如何改变岗位缺失的状况”和D)“因为他们不关心谁会在这种情况下受到伤害”均与原文不符，故排除。
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