从明朝开始,小说作为一种文学形式全面展现出它的社会功能和文学价值。明朝和清朝早期的小说代表了中国古典小说的最高峰(pinnacle),实现了展示新的文化

游客2023-07-06  29

问题     从明朝开始,小说作为一种文学形式全面展现出它的社会功能和文学价值。明朝和清朝早期的小说代表了中国古典小说的最高峰(pinnacle),实现了展示新的文化价值观和知识分子情怀(intellectual concerns)的新突破。这一时期最成功的文学作品是四大名著.即《三国演义》《水浒传》《西游记》和《红楼梦》。从明清时期开始,四大名著就通过直接或间接的戏剧和其他流行文化形式广为中国人所知。

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答案     From the Ming Dynasty, the novel as a literary form began to fully display its social functions and literary values. The novels in the Ming and early Qing Dynasties represented the pinnacle of classical Chinese fiction and constituted a breakthrough reflecting new cultural values and intellectual concerns. What most succeeds in literature of this period is the Four Great Classical Novels, namely, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Outlaws of the Marsh, Journey to the West, A Dream of Red Mansion. Dating from the Ming and Qing Dynasties, they have been well-known to most of the Chinese either directly or indirectly through opera and other popular cultural media.

解析 1.第一句中,“明朝”译为the Ming Dynasty,“展现”用display,show,unfold均可。“社会功能和文学价值”译为socialfunctions and literary values。
2.“中国古典小说的最高峰”译为the pinnacle of classical Chinese fiction,“实现新突破”可以简单译为constitute/make abreakthrough,“展示新的文化价值观和知识分子情怀”可以用定语从句表示,也可以简化为译文中的现在分词短语作定语。
3.第三句中,“这一时期最成功的文学作品是四大名著”如果以the Four Great Classical Novels为主语,衔接不够流畅,因此,采用主语从句的形式What most succeeds in literature of this period is the Four Great Classical Novels。“四大名著”对应的翻译分别为The Romance of the Three Kingdoms,Outlaws of the Marsh,Journey to the West,ADream of Red Mansion,希望大家能够记住。
4.第四句的翻译句子较长,译文容易失去重心,需先找到句子的核心成分,理清其中的逻辑关系,句子主干应为“四大名著广为中国人所知”,“通过……的形式”可以作为状语,放在后面。
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