首页
登录
职称英语
Polygraphs, or "lie detectors", are used widely in America, including on sex
Polygraphs, or "lie detectors", are used widely in America, including on sex
游客
2023-07-03
22
管理
问题
Polygraphs, or "lie detectors", are used widely in America, including on sex offenders, but in Britain many remain skeptical. Polygraphs do not detect lies. They measure changes in physiology, such as breathing rate, sweating and blood pressure. Telling lies is often stressful and can prompt jumps in the readings. But other things—fear, embarrassment, worries about being wrongfully accused—can do the same. Enthusiasts say that polygraphs accurately detect lies 80 - 90% of the time. The British Psychological Society cites studies showing similar figures but cautions that problems in the research mean that the real rate is probably much lower. And "false positive" rates(defining a truthful person a liar)can be as high as 47% .
Boosters of the government’s scheme say the point is that using polygraphs encourages sex offenders to reveal more information, before, during and after the test. In a 2010 -2011 pilot study offenders who took polygraph tests made more than twice as many "clinically significant exposures" — information that could prompt changes in the way they are managed—as those that did not. Many said they would not have done so without undergoing the test. Jane Wood, a psychologist at the University of Kent who co-authored the report on the pilot, says that some offenders found the tests helpful as way to convince their families they were being honest about their behaviour. Others said that the discussions prompted when they failed the test helped them better to understand the conditions of their license.
Polygraph tests do not stand on their own, argues Don Grubin, a professor of psychiatry at Newcastle University: they should be one of a number of tools used to assess offenders. Nonetheless some remain uneasy. Those using the tests may become contented, worries Anne McAlinden of Queen’s University, Belfast, and give them excessive weight. In the government’s study, the more tests offenders took, the fewer lies were labeled. That might indicate that they became more truthful, or it might suggest that they were getting better at gaining the test. [br] Which of the following statements about polygraphs is true?
选项
A、They are widely used and trusted by Americans as well as the British.
B、They test psychological changes, such as fear, embarrassment and worries.
C、They are proved to be able to detect lies as accurately high as 80 -90% of the time.
D、They may not be as reliable as enthusiasts have advocated.
答案
D
解析
事实细节题。本题考查测谎仪的相关信息。根据定位段第六旬,热衷者称测谎仪当时的测谎准确率可高达80%~90%。第七句说英国心理学会引用的研究得出了相似的数据,但同时也告诫我们研究中的问题意味着实际成功率可能比这要低得多,由此可以推断D)“它们可能并不像热衷者所吹捧的那样可靠”为答案。A)“它们在美国和英国都被广泛使用和信任”,与定位段第一句相违背,测谎仪在美国被广泛使用,但在英国却饱受质疑,故排除;B)“它们测试心理变化,比如恐惧、尴尬和焦虑”,这是对原文的曲解,原文第三句话明确说明测谎仪测试的是生理变化,故排除;C)“它们被证实当时检测谎言的准确率可以高达80%~90%”,这是热衷者声称的数据,并且定位段最后一句话指出测谎仪的误检率可以高达47%以上,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2803913.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext](19)MostAmericancollegestudentsarewrappingupanothers
[originaltext](19)MostAmericancollegestudentsarewrappingupanothers
[originaltext]ThelastknownAmericanveteranofWorldWarIdiedSundayat
[originaltext]ThelastknownAmericanveteranofWorldWarIdiedSundayat
TherewasonceamaninSouthAmericawhohada【B1】______,apetbirdthatc
TherewasonceamaninSouthAmericawhohada【B1】______,apetbirdthatc
TherewasonceamaninSouthAmericawhohada【B1】______,apetbirdthatc
TherewasonceamaninSouthAmericawhohada【B1】______,apetbirdthatc
TherewasonceamaninSouthAmericawhohada【B1】______,apetbirdthatc
[originaltext]DecadesbeforetheAmericanRevolutionof1776,JesseFish,a
随机试题
KevinisKatie’spartnerwhosupportsherinraisingmoneyforpatientsinhosp
WhatdoesMr.Stevensonthinkofhisprofession?[originaltext]W:Goodmorning,
Miserymaylovecompany,butthiswasridiculous.MorethanamillionIBMs
Johnstayeduplateindefianceofthecoach’sorder.TheunderlinedpartmeansA
【B1】[br]【B2】A、whereasB、ifC、whileD、althoughC所填词的前一分句讲男性交谈的情况,后一分句讲女性谈话的情况,由
农村所有村级重大事项都必须在村党组织领导下,按照“四议”、“两公开”的程序决策实
高层建筑中,室外消防登高面的裙房不能超过的进深值是( )。A.5.0m B.
1.题目:口语教学试讲 2.内容: A:Everyone,thisisS
( )是指证券公司向股东或机构投资者定向借入的清偿顺序在普通债之后的次级债务,
(2021年真题)生产经营单位与从业人员订立的免除或者减轻其对从业人员因生产安全
最新回复
(
0
)