2. 职称英语
  3. During the past 34 years, wages for everyone at or below the 30 percent of t

During the past 34 years, wages for everyone at or below the 30 percent of t

游客2023-06-30  23
问题     During the past 34 years, wages for everyone at or below the 30 percent of the income distribu tion have essentially been flat, while wages for the poorest 10 percent of workers have fallen. At all income levels, women earn less on average than men do.
    Since wages for the lowest income group have fallen while wages at the highest income group have grown, income inequality has also increased. However, while there’ s lots of talk about the adverse consequences of growing income inequality, it’s really poverty, not income inequality, that’s the problem. And, poverty is a particularly big problem for women and girls, who make up more than half the people living in poverty.
    Poverty has harmful consequences for women. Economist Barry Bosworth at the Brookings Institution looked at life expectancy for women. As Bosworth’ s research paper reported, while life expectancy generally increases over time, that’ s not the case for low-income women. A woman born in 1940 who is at the bottom of the income distribution has seen her life expectancy shrink by 2.1 years relative to the same low-income women born 20 years earlier.
    A good way to raise the wages of women is to raise the education levels of women. The more e-ducated a woman is, the more income she earns. Economist David Autor of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology found that the median woman with a college degree earned about $23, 000 more a year than a woman who terminated her education once she earned her high school diploma.
    There’ s another way to increase wages. According to the Economic Policy Institute, there are some unpleasant explanations for low wages. Some employers inappropriately classify workers as independent contractors and some employers engage in "wage theft". Government is trying best to do something about this. "Wage theft" occurs when employers do things like pay less than the minimum wage, don’t pay overtime rates, and require unpaid work, and seems to be a wide-spread problem. Since women make up two-thirds of workers in amount of service industries—where such problems occur frequently—such as fast-food industry, they’d likely benefit from reduced wage theft. [br] According to Para. 3, which of the following is true?
选项 A、For those women with high-level income, they expect to live to the age of eighty, which is ten years longer than poor women hope.
B、Nowadays although those women with high-level income have longer life expectancy than those poor ones, they will also shrink their expectancy over time.
C、Generally speaking, people’s life expectancy will get longer over time, but only for those women who earn less than the average.
D、A woman who was born in 1920 and lived in an unsatisfied financial situation has longer life expectancy than the one born twenty years later.
答案 D
解析 细节题。短文第三段最后一句指出A woman born in 1940 who is at the bottom of the income distribution has seen her life expectancy shrink by 2．1 years relative to the same low-income women born 20 years earlier．即同属于低收入群体，1940年出生的人要比1920年出生的人的期望寿命缩短2．1年。故选项D正确。
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