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What are the roads not taken because students must take out loans for colleg

游客2023-06-30  31
问题     What are the roads not taken because students must take out loans for college? For one thing, it appears that people with student loans are less likely to start businesses of their own. A new study has found that areas with higher relative growth in student debt show lower growth in the formation of small businesses.
    The correlation makes sense. People normally have only a certain amount of "debt capacity". When students use up their "debt capacity" on student loans, they can’t commit it elsewhere. Given the importance of an entrepreneur’s personal debt capacity in financing a start-up business, student loan debt, which cannot be discharged via bankruptcy, can have lasting effects later in life and may impact the ability of future small-business owners to raise capital. Considering that 60 percent of jobs are created by small business, "if you shut down the ability to create new businesses, you’re going to harm the economy," said Brent Ambrose, a professor of risk management at Pennsylvania State University.
    Student loan debt also appears to be affecting homeownership trends. According to research by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, fewer 30-year-olds in general have bought homes since the recession, but the decline has been steeper for people with a history of student loan debt and has continued even as the housing market has recovered.
    Student loan debt may also affect career choices. Having a college loan appears to reduce the likelihood that people will choose a low-paying public-interest job, according to a 2011 study by Jesse Rothstein of the University of California, Berkeley, and Cecilia Elena Rouse of Princeton. They arrived at their conclusion by studying a well-off university that began meeting students’ financial needs through a combination of work-study money and grants, and dispensing with loans altogether. Before the new policy started in the early 2000s, students were more likely to choose well-paid professions like investment banking and consulting. After the policy took effect, more students chose jobs in areas like teaching and the nonprofit sector.
    In many cases, the choices that student borrowers make are just common sense, based on the financial realities they face. If society wants to change the skewing effect of student loans, some tough decisions about allocating educational resources may well lie ahead. [br] The quotation in Para. 2 implies that______.
选项 A、job opportunities are disappearing in high speed
B、economic development can be held back by student loans
C、small business survival is insignificant and meaningless
D、more and more commercial opportunities have been created
答案 B
解析 推断题。原文讲到第二段第四、五句可概括为“小企业的发展会受到学生贷款的影响，而且鉴于60％的工作岗位是由小型企业提供的，那么经济发展也必将受到负面影响”可知，选项A与选项B中有一个是正确答案。但是A项的信息表述是进行时态，即工作机会正在大量减少。这与原文冲突，原文表达是对未来的一种担忧，因此排除选项A，故选项B正确。
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