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  3. For decades, biobanking has been held up as an essential research tool. Whil

For decades, biobanking has been held up as an essential research tool. Whil

游客2023-06-28  28
问题     For decades, biobanking has been held up as an essential research tool. While few doubt the scientific value of having catalogues of well-characterized tissues, cells, and other samples, these research platforms have also generated a significant amount of legal and moral controversy, especially in the context of consent and the control of research samples.
    Throughout the world, billions of public and private dollars have been invested in biobanks and millions of individuals have been asked to donate biological material and personal information. But, at the same time, there remains deep uncertainty about fundamental legal and moral norms.
    Legal scholars have argued that the most commonly used form of consent—that is, broad or open consent—does not adhere to relevant legal norms, which would seem to require a more comprehensive and specific approach to the consent process. Because the details of future work cannot be known, this approach means providing research participants with far less information than is traditionally disclosed (披露) in the case of specific consent.
    It is true that many studies have consistently found that, for the most part, the public supports biobanking initiatives and trusts the research community. But that support and trust are fragile. There are many social forces, such as the increasing involvement of industry in biobanking initiatives, which could erode public confidence. In addition, there are a number of social trends that may heighten public interest in the control of human biological material. Research ethics controversies can have a profound effect on public perceptions and consent policy.
    An emerging interest in biorights, though not widespread, could also challenge the existing approaches of biobanking. Indeed, areas such as genetics (遗传学) and stem cell research receive a great deal of positive coverage in the popular press, including reference to the economic potential of the work.
    Within the scientific community it has become widely accepted that biobanks are an indispensable research tool, essential for picking out complex gene-environment interactions. There is little doubt that biobanking is here to stay. But we need to recognize that despite decades of academic debate, fundamental legal and moral challenges remain. [br] The word "fragile"(Line 2, Para. 4) most probably means________.
选项 A、delicate
B、illogical
C、persistent
D、damaged
答案 A
解析 语义理解题。定位句的前一句提到，一直以来许多研究发现，在大多数情况下，公众支持生物银行业务举措并相信研究界。接着定位句出现了转折词But，随后作者就该句观点进行解释说明：有很多社会力量，例如企业越来越多地参与生物银行的行动，这可能会削弱公众的信心。由此判断，公众对生物银行业务举措及研究界的支持和信任是脆弱的，故答案为A)。B)“不合逻辑的”，按照英文行文思路，作者在提到那种支持和信任不合逻辑之后，就会对不合逻辑进行具体解释说明，很显然该句之后的内容与逻辑不相关，故排除；C)“持久稳固的”，从文中的But以及后面的内容可以看出，这与该段首句是转折关系，而非顺承或递进关系，故排除；D)“被破坏了的”，本项符合文中所在句子的上文语义关系，但下文中除了提及会削弱公众的信心，还提到一些社会趋势可能会增加人们控制人体生物材料的兴趣，研究伦理争议可能对公众的认知和同意政策产生深远的影响，可见这种支持和信任还远达不到遭受破坏的程度，故排除。
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