首页
登录
职称英语
TV Linked to Lower Marks[A]The effect of television on
TV Linked to Lower Marks[A]The effect of television on
游客
2023-06-27
56
管理
问题
TV Linked to Lower Marks
[A]The effect of television on children has been debated ever since the first sets were turned on. Now three new studies find that too much tube time can lower test scores, retard learning and even predict college performance. The reports appear in the July issue of the Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine.
[B]In the first report, researchers studied the effect that having a TV in a child’ s bedroom can have on third graders. "We looked at the household media environment in relation to academic achievement on mathematics, reading and language arts tests," said study author Dina L. G. Borzekowski, an assistant professor at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.
[C]Borzekowski and her colleague, Dr. Thomas Robinson of Stanford University, collected data on 386 third graders and their parents about how much TV the children watched, the number of TV sets, computers and video game consoles in the household and where they were. They also collected data on how much time the children spent using the different media, as well as the time spent doing homework and reading. The researchers found that the media in the household, where it is and how it is used can have a profound effect on learning. " We found that the household media environment has a very close association with performance on the different test scores," Borzekowski said.
[D]"A child who has a TV in his or her bedroom is likely to have a score that is eight points lower on a mathematics test compared to a child who doesn’ t have a TV in the bedroom," she noted. These children also scored lower on the reading and language arts tests. However, children who have access to a home computer are likely to have higher scores on each of the tests compared with children who don ’ t have access to a home computer, Borzekowski noted.
[E]The reasons why TV has this negative effect are not clear, Borzekowski said. "When there’ s TV in the bedroom, parents are less likely to have control over the content and the amount watched," Borzekowski said. "They are also unable to know how early or how late the set is on. This seems to be associated with kids’ performance on academic tests. " Borzekowski believes that content and the time the TV is on may be the primary reasons for its negative effect. " If the TV is in the family room, then parents can see the content of what children are watching," she said. " Parents can choose to sit alongside and watch, or turn the set off. A simple and straightforward, positive parenting strategy is to keep the TV out of the child’ s bedroom, or remove it if it’ s already there. "
[F]In the second report, Dr. Robert J. Hancox from the University of Otago in Dunedin, New Zealand, and his colleagues found, regardless of your intelligence or social background, if you watch a lot of TV during childhood, you are a lot less likely to have a college degree by your mid-20s. In their study, the researchers followed 1 ,037 people born in 1972 and 1973. Every two years, between the ages of 5 and 15, they were asked how much television they watched. The researchers found that those who watched the most television during these years had earned fewer degrees by the time they were 26. " We found that the more television the child had watched, the more likely they were to leave school without any qualifications," Hancox said in a prepared statement. " Those who watched little television had the best chance of going on to university and earning a degree. "
[G]Hancox’ s team found that watching TV at an early age had the most effect on graduating from college. " An interesting finding was that although teenage viewing was strongly linked to leaving school without any qualifications, it was earlier childhood viewing that had the greatest impact on getting a degree," he said. "This suggests that excessive television in younger children has a long-lasting adverse effect on educational performance.
[H]In the third paper, Frederick J. Zimmerman and Dr. Dimitri A. Christakis from the University of Washington report that, for very young children, watching TV can result in lower test scores in mathematics, reading recognition and reading comprehension. "We looked at how much television children watched before age 3 and then at ages 3 to 5," Zimmerman said. " We found that for children who watched a small amount of TV in the earlier years, there was considerable beneficial effect compared to children who watched a lot of TV. "
[I]For children aged 3 to 5, the effect was not as clear, Zimmerman said. "There were some beneficial effects of watching TV on reading, but no beneficial effects for math or vocabulary," he noted. "The worst pattern was to watch more than three hours of TV before age 3. Those kids had a significant disadvantage compared to the other kids. " "Parents should follow the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation, which is no TV for children under 2," Zimmerman said. " Personally, I feel the cutoff should be children under 3, because there is just not any good content for children under 3. "
[J]One expert believes that TV can have both positive and negative effects, but it all depends on what children are watching. " Content matters," said Deborah L. Linebarger, an assistant professor at the University of Pennsylvania, who co-authored an accompanying editorial. "Educational content has been found to be related to performance on school readiness tests, higher grades when they are teenagers, whereas, non-educational content tends to be associated with lower academic performance. "
[K]Another expert agrees. "TV watching takes up space that could be used by more useful things," said Dr. Christopher P. Lucas, a clinical coordinator at the Early Childhood Evaluation and Treatment Program at the New York University Child Study Center. "TV is not necessarily toxic, but is some-thing that has to be done in moderation: something that balances the other needs of the child for healthy development. "
[L]Lucas puts the responsibility for how much TV kids watch and what they watch squarely on parents. "The amount of TV watching certainly has a link with the reduced amount of time reading or doing homework," he said. " The key is the amount of control parents have in limiting the amount of access. Get the TV out of the bedroom: be aware of what is being watched: limit the amount of TV watching. " [br] Lucas claims that parents should be responsible for supervising kids’ TV watching.
选项
答案
L
解析
题干大意:Lucas认为孩子看电视时父母应该负责监督孩子。由题干中的“parents should be responsible for supervising kids’TV watching”可以定位到文中L段第一句话。该句提到“Lucas认为父母应当对孩子看多长时间电视和看什么内容负责”,与题干相吻合。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/2787611.html
相关试题推荐
Whatdodietingandenergypolicyhaveincommon?TheSnackWelleffect.The
Whatdodietingandenergypolicyhaveincommon?TheSnackWelleffect.The
Whatdodietingandenergypolicyhaveincommon?TheSnackWelleffect.The
Whatdodietingandenergypolicyhaveincommon?TheSnackWelleffect.The
Whatdodietingandenergypolicyhaveincommon?TheSnackWelleffect.The
Whatdodietingandenergypolicyhaveincommon?TheSnackWelleffect.The
Whatdodietingandenergypolicyhaveincommon?TheSnackWelleffect.The
[originaltext]W:Hey!Yougotanewtelevision.M:Yeah!Itwasdeliveredyeste
[originaltext]W:Hey!Yougotanewtelevision!M:Yeah!Itwasdeliveredyeste
[originaltext]W:Hey!Yougotanewtelevision!M:Yeah!Itwasdeliveredyeste
随机试题
Thereisaphenomenainthepresent.Theaveragenumberofauthorsonscien
采用牢固内固定后发现骨折端X线摄影无骨痂,形成无外骨痂的骨愈合,称为:(
(2019年真题)关于股权投资基金的募集方式,表述正确的是()A.获得中国
与负债筹资相比,发行普通股筹资的特点是( )。[2010年初级真题]A.具有抵
患者,男性,42岁。误服敌百虫后大汗淋漓,瞳孔缩小,肌肉抽搐,血压110/82m
能发现早期肾癌的常规体检项目是A.B超检查 B.CT检查 C.MRI检查
尿道损伤后最易造成的并发症是A:尿瘘 B:尿道狭窄 C:慢性尿道周围脓肿
张某欲购买一套住房,委托甲房地产经纪机构(以下简称甲机构)寻找房源并签订了经纪合
上颌骨骨折发生骨移位的最佳复位时间为A.2个月之内 B.1个月之内 C.2周
下列各项中,不得作为纳税保证人的是()。A.有纳税担保能力的组织 B.有纳税
最新回复
(
0
)