2. 职称英语
  3. In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and

In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and

游客2023-06-26  36
问题     In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.
    Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV(or a similar distraction)can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.
    A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people’s hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they’d seen in front of them—in other words, how much they remembered eating.
    This disparity(差异)suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.
    "Hunger isn’t controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal," Brunstrom says. "This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought."
    These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance)people who drank the same 380-calorie(卡路里)milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones(荷尔蒙), depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they’d consumed a higher-calorie shake.
    What docs this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.
    The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says. [br] What do we learn from the 2011 study?
选项 A、Food labels may mislead consumers in their purchases.
B、Food labels may influence our body’s response to food.
C、Hunger levels depend on one’s consumption of calories.
D、People tend to take in a lot more calories than necessary.
答案 B
解析 细节归纳题。定位句详细描述了2011年的一项研究。在研究中，参与者在两个不同场合食用了相同卡路里的奶昔，但是奶昔标签上分别标注了620卡路里和140卡路里，结果显示。根据标注的卡路里含量，参与者分泌了不同水平的与饥饿相关的荷尔蒙，而且当食用了标注620卡路里的奶昔时，他们感觉更饱。实际上两份奶昔的卡路里含量是相同的，由于标签标注的不同，让人产生自我暗示，使人体对食物产生了不同的反应。故答案为B)。
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