[originaltext]Nathaniel Hawthorne (born Nathaniel Hathorne; from July 4, 1804 t

Nathaniel Hawthorne (born Nathaniel Hathorne; from July 4, 1804 to May 19, 1864) was an American novelist and short story writer. Nathaniel Hathorne was born in 1804 in the city of Salem, Massachusetts, to Nathaniel Hathorne and Elizabeth Clarke Manning Hathorne. (22)He later changed his name to “Hawthorne”, adding a “w” to dissociate from relatives including John Hathorne, a judge during the Salem Witch Trials. Hawthorne attended Bowdoin College in 1821, was elected to Phi Beta Kappa in 1824, and graduated in 1825; his classmates included future president Franklin Pierce and future poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. (23)Hawthorne anonymously published his first work, a novel titled Fanshawe, in 1828. He published several short stories in various periodicals which he collected in 1837 as Twice-Told Tales. The next year, he became engaged to Sophia Peabody. He worked at the Boston Custom House and joined Brook Farm, a transcendentalist community, before marrying Peabody in 1842. The couple moved to The Old Manse in Concord, Massachusetts, later moving to Salem, the Berkshires, then to The Wayside in Concord. The Scarlet Letter was published in 1850, followed by a succession of other novels. (24)A political appointment took Hawthorne and family to Europe before their return to Concord in 1860. Hawthorne died on May 19, 1864, leaving behind his wife and their three children. Much of Hawthorne’s writing centers on New England, (25)many works featuring moral allegories with a Puritan inspiration. His fiction works are considered part of the Romantic movement and, more specifically, Dark romanticism. His themes often center on the inherent evil and sin of humanity, and his works often have moral messages and deep psychological complexity. His published works include novels, short stories, and a biography of his friend Franklin Pierce.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22.Why did Hawthorne change his name?
23.When was Hawthorne’s first work published?
24.Why did Hawthorne and his family go to Europe?
25.What’s the feature of his many works?