2. 职称英语
  3. 共用题干 InflationBusiness and government l

共用题干 InflationBusiness and government l

考试题库2022-08-02  44
问题 共用题干Inflation

Business and government leaders also consider the inflation rate to be an important general mndi-cator. Inflation is a period of increased spending that causes rapid rises in prices.________(51) your money buys fewer goods so that you get________(52)for the same amount of money as be-fore,inflation is the problem. There is a general rise_________(53)the price of goods and serv-ices.Your money buys less.Sometimes people describe inflation as a time when"a dollar is not worth a dollar anymore".
Inflation is a problem for all consumers.People who live on a fixed income are hurt the __________(54).Retired people,for instance,cannot count on an increase in income as prices rise. Elderly people who do not work face serious problems in stretching their incomes to_________(55) their needs in time of inflation.Retirement income________(56)any fixed income usually does not rise as fast as prices.Many retired people must cut their spending to_________(57)rising prices. In many cases they must stop_________(58)some necessary items,such as food and clothing. Even_________(59)working people whose incomes are going up,inflation can be a problem.The __________(60)of living goes up,too.People who work must have even more money to keep up their standard of living. Just buying the things they need costs more.When incomes do not keep ________(61)with rising prices,the standard of living goes down.People may be earning the same amount of money,but they are not living as well because they are not able to buy as many goods and services.
Government units gather information about prices in our economy and publish it as price indexes _________(62)the rate of change can be determined.A price index measures changes in prices using the price for a_________(63)year as the base.The base price is set at 100,and the other prices are reported as a________(64)of the base price.A price index makes________(65)possible to compare current prices of typical consumer goods,for example,with prices of the same goods in previous years._________(56)A:or        B:andC:excluding        D:including
选项 _________(56)
A:or       
B:and
C:excluding       
D:including
答案 A
解析 由于上文说到通货膨胀是一个“阶段”，因此这里需要填写一个表示时间的关联词。本句意思是：“当你用同样的钱买到的东西比以前少的时候，通货膨胀就发生了。” 因此选D。
根据句子关系和词语提示，本句上半句中的fewer可做提示词，less是litlie的比较级形式，与fewer相配。下句中的your money buys less是更直接的提示。因此选D。
根据词语搭配和上下文线索提示，介词in与相应的名词搭配使用表示 “在······方面增长或减少”。本段第二句有类似的表达that causes rapid rises in prices。
根据上下文意思和词语逻辑，这里需要一个表示“最大”含义的词。本句意思为“依赖固定收入的人受影响最大”。因此选C。
根据词语习惯搭配，meet one's needs意为“满足需要”。本句意思是：“不再工作的老年人在通货膨胀时期要使其工资满足其需求。”因此选A。
根据句子的逻辑，retirement income属于fixed income, or连接两个属于同类范畴的词。本句意思是：“退休金和其他固定收入通常没有物价上涨得快。”因此选A。
根据上下文含义和句子逻辑，本句需要填一个表示“跟上”的词，因此应选 keep up with。本句意思是：“很多退休的人必须削减一些开支来跟上上涨的物价。”因此选D。
根据上下文意思和词语用法，stop后面接动名词表示“不再做某事”，这句话的意思是：“很多情况下他们不再买一些生活必需品。”因此选B。
根据语法逻辑，本句是状语部分前置，正常语序是：Inflation can be a prob-lem even for working people whose incomes are going up.for指“对于······来说”。本句意思是： “甚至对于那些有工作，工资在上涨的人来说，通货膨胀也是一个问题。”
根据词语搭配和上下文意思，选cost“成本”，本句意思是：“生活成本上升了，工作的人们必须花更多的钱保证自己的生活质量。”
keep pace with指“跟上”，与keep up with同义。本句意思是：“当工资和物价上涨不同步时，生活质量就会下降。”因此选B。
此空填的是由from加which引导的定语从句，本句意思是：“政府机构收集经济生活中的价格信息，将其发布成为价格指数，通过价格指数，价格变化率就可以确定。” 因此选B。
given在这里指“给定的，一定的”，符合题目要求。本句意思是：“以特定一年的价格作为基数就可以衡量物价的变化。”
根据词语搭配和上下文线索选“百分比”percentage。本句意思是：“其他物价按照这个基数成为一个百分比数字。”
根据语法原则选it , it在这里是形式宾语，代替不定式to compare current prices of typical consumer goods with prices of the same goods in previous years。本句意思是：“价格指数能够将某种商品的目前价格与往年的做比较。”
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