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共用题干 Urbanization and Its InfluenceOver

资格题库2022-08-02  76
问题 共用题干Urbanization and Its Influence

Over half the world's people now live in cities.The latest"Global Report on Human Settlements"says a significant change took place last year. The report_______(51)this week from U.N.Habitat,a United Nations agency.
A century ago,_______(52)than five percent of all people lived in cities._______(53)the middle of this century it could be seventy percent,or_______(54)six and a half billion people.
Already three-fourths of people in_______(55)countries live in cities.Now most urban population_______(56)is in the developing world.
Urbanization can lead to social and economic progress,but also put_______(57)on cities to provide housing and_______(58).The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move _______(59)cities and towns each day.It says worsening inequalities,_______(60)by social divisions and differences in_______(61),could result in violence and crime unless cities plan better.
Another issue is urban sprawl（无序扩展的城区）.This is where cities_______(62) quickly into rural areas,sometimes_______(63)a much faster rate than urban population growth.
Sprawl is common in the United States.Americans move a lot. In a recent study,Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the_______(64)cities to smaller ones.He sees a_______(65)toward"de-urbanization"across the nation._________(57)A:pressure        B:restraintC:load        D:weight
选项 _________(57)
A:pressure       
B:restraint
C:load       
D:weight
答案 A
解析 come out：出版、发表；come on：开始、接着来；come over：过来、顺便来访： come off：结果、脱落。根据句子意思，应该是发表报告，所以选D。
一个世纪前，城市人口应该是非常少，所以选less，即少于5% 。
along:沿着；through：通过、穿过。表示时间的节点用by , by the middle of this century，在本世纪中叶。
barely：几乎不、几乎没有。表示大约的人口数，用almost，意思是“差不多”。
前面应该是和后面的比较，后面用developing world，所以此处填developed。 flourishing:繁荣的、茂盛的；thriving：旺盛的、蒸蒸日上的；fertile：肥沃的、富饶的、多产的。
从上下文判断，这儿指城市人口的增加。extension：扩展；raise：上升、增加，它不和population搭配使用。addition：添加、增加，不可用来修饰人口。所以选growth。
put pressure on是固定搭配，表示“给压力”; restraint：约束、抑制；load:矛载、负荷；weight：重量。
此处指提供住所和服务，即services。 surroundings：环境、生活环境；concerns：关注、关心；communities：社区、团体。
move into是正确的搭配。around：围绕、环绕。
贫富差异会使社会产生进一步的不公平，所以用driven，和后面的by构成被动语态。
此处指社会财富分配的不均，social wealth意思是“社会财富”。situation: 情景；treasure:财宝、珍宝；category：分类、范畴。
本句意思指城市的扩张，用expand恰当。invade：入侵、侵略；split：分裂；enlarge：扩大、放大。
表示速度用at the rate of。 beyond：超过、超越。
在逆城市化的进程中，人们从大城市搬往小城市，四个单词中只有major 表示“重要的、大的”。essential：基本的、本质的；primitive：原始的、粗糙的；prior和to搭配，表示“在……之前”。
此处是一种“de-urbanization”的发展趋势，trend意思正确。direction：指示、方向；style：风格。
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