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共用题干 第三篇How We Form First ImpressionWe

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问题 共用题干第三篇
How We Form First Impression
We all have first impression of someone、just met.But why? Why do we form an opinion about someone without really knowing anything about him or her aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits?
The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be~of the world.Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits,Even very minor difference in how a person'5 eyes,ears,nose,or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as different.In fact,your brain continuously processes incoming sensory information-the sights and sounds of your world.These incoming signals are compared against a host of "memories"stored in the brain areas called the cortex(皮质）system to determine what these new signals"mean".
If you see someone you know and like at school,your brain says"familiar and safe".If you see someone new it says,"new and potentially threatening".Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other"known"memories.The height,weight,dress,ethnicity,gestures,and tone of voice are all matched up.The more unfamiliar the characteristics are,the more your brain may say,"This is new.I don ' t like this person ".Or else , " I'm intrigued（好奇的）".Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes,ethnicity,gestures-like your other friends;so your brain says,"I like this person".But these preliminary"impressions"can be dead wrong.
When we stereotype people,we use a less mature form of thinking(not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child)that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others.Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people-their history,interest
values,strengths,and true character-we categorize them as jocks（骗子）,peeks（反常的人）,or freaks（怪人）.
However,if we resist initial stereotypical impressions,we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like.If we spend time with a person,hear about his or her life,hopes,dreams,and become aware of the person's character,we use a different,more mature style of thinking-and the most complex areas of our cortex,which allow us to be humane。The 'word "preliminary"in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to________.A:simplistic B:stereotypicalC:initial D:categorical
选项 The 'word "preliminary"in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to________.
A:simplistic
B:stereotypical
C:initial
D:categorical
答案 C
解析 本文主要讲述了人们对陌生人的第一印象是如何形成的。
由文章第二段第二句和第三句话“Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits.Even very minor difference in...makes you see him or her as different.”可知，大脑对面部特征十分敏感，即使是每个人在眼睛、、耳朵或嘴部的细小差异也会使大脑察觉到其不同之处。由此可步测出，面部特征是我们对陌生人第一印象的重要影响因素。故选C。
由文章第三段倒数第二句话“Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes.so your brain says , 'I like this person'.”可知，当我们见到-个陌生人，但是他/她的服饰、毛势、民族特征等和我们的朋友相似时，我们的大脑就会产生一种“我喜欢他/她”的信号：故选C。
由文章第三段最后-句话“But these preliminary 'impressions' can be dead wrong.”可知，我们对别人的最初印象可能是完全错误的。"preliminary”意思为“初步的，开始的”，与initial（最初的开始的）意思相近。故选C。simplistic过分简单的；stereotypical模式化的；categorical明确的，至对的。
由文章第四段中“When we stereotype people...Rather than learn about the depth an breadth of people”可知，当我们对-个人形成模式化的印象之后，我们会用-种不成熟的思维方式来看待他，却没有去了解他思想上和人格上的深度和广度。故选A。
文章第-段提出了“为什么我们在还没有真正了解-个人时就已经形成了对他的第－印象？”这个问题；文章第二段前两句说这与大脑如何感知世界是息息相关的，大脑对面部特至十分敏感；文章第二、三和四段进一步论述了这-问题；文章最后一段讲如果我们拒绝模式不的第-印象，那么我们就会用更成熟的思维来了解-个人。由此可看出本文主要讲的是大脑对面部特征的敏锐感知使我们形成了对别人的第一印象。故选B。
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