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  3. 共用题干 Marriage Advertisements in IndiaEv

共用题干 Marriage Advertisements in IndiaEv

admin2022-08-02  15
问题 共用题干Marriage Advertisements in India
Every Sunday morning millions of Indians settle down with a cup of tea and special weekend issues of their newspapers,just as Americans do.But here,with the marriage sea-son approaching,many of them quickly to a Sunday feature that is particularly Indian-the-columns of marriage advertisements in which young people look for husbands and wives.This is relatively modern change in the age-old custom of the arranged marriage.The thousands of advertisements published each week increasingly reflect social changes that coming to this traditional society.For example,although women are still described in terms of appearance, or skill in“the wifely arts,”information about her earning power is entering more and more of the advertisements.This reflects the arrival in India of the working wife.
Divorce,which used to be almost unheard of in India,is sometimes now mentioned in the advertisements as in the case of a woman whose advertisement in New Delhi newspaper explained that had been“the innocent party” when her marriage broke up.
Because the custom of the dowry(marriage payment)is now illegal,some advertise-ments say“no dowry”,or“simple marriage”,which means the same thing.However,the fathers of many bridegrooms still require it.
In a land where light skin is often regarded as socially preferible,many also require that a woman have a“wheat-color” complexion or that a man be“tall,fair and handsome”.
Advertisements are placed and eagerly read by a wide range of people in the upper classes,mostly in cities.Many of them receive dozens of answers.“There's nothing embarrassing about it,”explained a Calcutta businessman advertising a son-in-law.“It's just another way of broadening the contacts and increase the possibility of doing the contacts and increasing the possibilities of doing the best one for one's daughter.”
Because of high unemployment and a generally poor standard of living here,one of the best attractions a marriage advertisement can offer is a permit to live abroad,especially in Canada or the United States.A person who has one can get what he wants.
One recent Sunday in Madras,for example,a Punjabi engineer living in San Francisco advertised for a“beautiful slim bride with lovely features knowing music and dance.”And a man whose advertisement said that he held an American immigration permit was able to say, only girls from rich,well-connected families need apply.The word“one” in“A person who has one can get what he wants”refers to good at-tractionA:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
选项 The word“one” in“A person who has one can get what he wants”refers to good at-traction
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
答案 B
解析 题干中出现了绝对词only，由此判断该题干句陈述的意义可能过于绝对，也因此题干陈述的信息可能与短文中的相关信息不一致，因此该题答案可能为B。题干意为 “印度的婚姻广告只介绍妇女的外貌或妇女的贤惠”。利用题干中的名词及名词短语marriage advertisements, India, women, appearance, skill, a good wife作为定位线索，在短文中找到 相关句For example, although women are still described in terms of appearance, or skill in “the wifely arts,”information about her earning power is entering more and more of the ad-vertisements，相关句意为“尽管广告依然描述妇女的外貌或妇女的贤惠，关于妇女赚钱能力的介绍也在越来越多的婚姻广告上出现了”，显然相关句的内容与题干不一致。 该题涉及阅读题中的典型陷阱“以偏概全”。
题干意为“印度的社会正在发生着变化”。利用题干中的名词短语India's society作为定位线索，在短文第一段中找到相关句The thousands of advertisements published each week increasingly reflect social changes that coming to this traditional society（指印度的社会），该句意为“每周发布的数千条广告反映出这个传统的社会正发生着变化”。显然题干陈述的意义与短文中的相关信息一致。
题干意为“第三段中的‘dowry’一词意思是‘彩礼钱’”。dowry是超纲词。 首先找到dowry所在的句子Because the custom of the dowry(marriage payment) is now illegal,some advertisements say“no dowry”,or“simple marriage”,which means the same thing，在相关句中marriage payment出现dowry后面的括号中，应该是对dowry进行解释，由此判断dowry的含义就是marriage payment“彩礼钱”。
题干意为“在印度人们更偏爱肤色浅，容貌美丽的孩子”。利用题干中的名词及名词短语India, people, light skin, good feature作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的修饰 词light, good1 preferable，这样在短文中找到相关句In a land（指印度）where light skin is often regarded as socially preferable,many also require that a woman have a“wheat-color” complexion or that a man be “tall, fair and handsome（与good feature呼应）”。相关句意为 “在印度，人们更偏爱浅肤色，许多人也要求妇女有小麦肤色，要求男人个子高，皮肤白哲，长相英俊”，但并没有说“喜欢美丽的容貌”，短文中的相关内容没有提到孩子的情况，而整篇短文中都没有提到孩子，因此人们对孩子的外貌有什么样的期望是短文中没有提及的信息。
题干意为“‘A person who has one can get what he wants’中的‘one’指良好的吸引力”。首先找到A person who has one can get what he wants所在的上下文Because of high unemployment and a generally poor standard of living here,one of the best attractions a marriage advertisement can offer is a permit to live abroad,especially in Canada or the United States.A person who has one can get what he wants．划线句意为“有了……的人能得到他 想要的”，结合前句话的内容判断，one应该指前句中的permit to live abroad“在国外居住的许可证”。由此可见题干所说的one指代good attraction是不正确的，这与原文中的实际指代内容不一致，因此答案为B。
题干中出现了绝对词only，因此推测题干陈述的意义可能比较绝对，而且题干陈述的信息很可能与短文中的相关信息不一致，所以答案可能为B。题干意为“只有一小群来自上层社会的人读这些广告”。利用题干中的名词及名词短语advertisement, a small group of people of high social status作为定位线索，在第五段中找到相关句Advertisements are placed and eagerly read by a wide range of people in the upper classes（与people of high social status呼应）,mostly in cities，相关句意为“广告主要在城市里发布，上层社会中各种各样的人都会急切地想看这些广告”，这表明城市里还会有其他人也会看广告，而不是只有来自上层社会的人看广告。因此题干陈述的意义与原文中的相关内容不一致。
题干意为“印度的离婚率很高”。利用题干中的名词及名词短语India, high divorce rate作为定位线索，结果发现短文中根本没有提到离婚率，因此从原文中无法获得是否印度的离婚率高相关信息。
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