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  3. 共用题干 Better Control of TB Seen If a Fas

共用题干 Better Control of TB Seen If a Fas

资格题库2022-08-02  41
问题 共用题干Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found
The World Health Organization estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis（结核病）.Most times , the infection remains inactive（不活跃
的）.But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB,usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it.The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug-resist-ant forms of tuberculosis.
Current treatments take at least six months.Patients have to take a combination of several antibiotic（抗生素）drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection（传染病）that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-act-ing cure for tuberculosis would be more effective.Now a study estimates just how effective it might be .A professor of international health at Harvard University led the study.Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured.It would also mean fe- wer infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others.
The researchers developed a mathematical（数学的）model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan.They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia.The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases.And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths.The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty.That is,if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve.
The World Health Organization developed the DOTS program in nineteen ninety.DOTS（短期直接观察治疗）is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tubercu- losis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment.
Earlier this year,an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program.The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs.The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old.The Global Alliance for TB Drug De- velopment（全球结核病药物开发联盟）says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.The mathematical model tested in Southeast Asia shows that a faster cure is developed and in wide use as early as the year of_______.A: 1990B:2020C: 2030D:2010
选项 The mathematical model tested in Southeast Asia shows that a faster cure is developed and in wide use as early as the year of_______.
A: 1990
B:2020
C: 2030
D:2010
答案 B
解析 根据文章首段“The World Health Organization estimates that about one-third of all peo-ple are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis（结核病）…each year about eight mu- lion people develop active cases of TB… Two million people die of it.”可知，大约有三分之一的人会感染上结核病细菌，每年约有800万人在肺部转变为活性细菌，大约有二百万人死于结核病。故选C。
由第三段的最后两句“The model shows that these reductions would take place between 2020 and 2030. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by 2020”可知，一种又快又广的治疗方法大约在2020年至2030年，最快也得在2020年。故选B。
由最后一段“The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old”可知，现在最常用的四种治疗结核病的药已有四十多年的历史了。所以要加大投资金额用于研发新药品。
根据题干，我们可以直接定位到第二段。由首句“Current treatments take at least six months”可知目前的治疗肺结核的疗程至少是六个月，故A项正确；根据Joshua Salomon 所说的话可知疗程较短的计划可能意味着更多病人被治好，也意味着将感染传递给别人的病人也会更少，故B、C两项正确。由“But many people stop as soon as they feel bet-ter. Doing that can lead to an infection（传染病）that resists treatment.”可知，结核病患者不能感觉好一点就停止吃药，这样容易发展成抗药性的传染性肺结核。故选D。
由文章最后一句话“The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development（全球结核病药物开发联盟）says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses.”可知全球结核病药物开发联盟的目标是研制出一种最好是喝10剂就能治愈结核的药物。 dose剂量，药量；一服（药），一剂（药）。故选C。
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