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  3. 共用题干 第三篇Malnutrition"Much of the sickne

共用题干 第三篇Malnutrition"Much of the sickne

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问题 共用题干第三篇

Malnutrition

"Much of the sickness and death attributed to the major communicable diseases is in fact caused by
malnutrition which makes the body less able to withstand infections when they strike",said Dr. Hiroshi Na-
kajima,Director-General of the World Health Organization(WHO),in his statement on the first day of the
World Food Summit organized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in Rome,Ita-
ly,from 13 to 17 November,1996.
"At the same time,"he added," in developing countries today,malnutrition is the cause of 174 million
children under five years of age being underweight,and 230 million being stunted in their growth.Such figures
represent deprivation,suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that is unacceptable from every point
of view.Whether we think in terms of humanitarian concern,common justice or development needs,they
demand a response,both from national governments and from international community.
At the end of January 1996,98 countries had national plans of action for nutrition and 41 countries had
one under preparation,in keeping with their commitments made at the International Conference on Nutrition
in Rome in December 1992. The global situation, however, remains grim.
Over 800 million people around
the world still cannot meet basic needs for energy and protein, more than two thousand million people lack
essential micronutrients,and hundreds of millions suffer from diseases caused by unsafe food and unbalanced
diets.
In sheer numbers,iron is the most prevalent mieronutrient deficiency. MainlY women of reproduction age
and children under five are affected by iron deficiency with prevalence hovering around 50% in developing
countries.
Among various regions in the world, it is South Asia which is hit hardest with prevalence reaching
80% in some countries.In infants and young children even mild anemia is associated with impaired intellectual
as well as physical development.In older children and adults iron deficiency reduces work capacity and output.
It also leads to increased accidents at work.
While there is no single remedy,a combination of several preventive approaches is believed to work
best一Dietary improvement includes consumption of iron一and vitamin C-rich foods and foods of animal origin,
and avoiding drinking tea or coffee with or soon after meals.Iron supplementation of foods,pathcularly of
staple cereals,is practiced in a growing number of countries.Iron supplementation is the most common
approach,particularly for pregnant women.How many countries have made plans of action for nutrition?A:98.B:41.C:139.D:57.
选项 How many countries have made plans of action for nutrition?
A:98.
B:41.
C:139.
D:57.
答案 A
解析 根据第一段第一句，直接的因果关系发生在sickness和malnlltrition之间。
答案依据在文章第二段，其中讲到“Such figures represent deprivation,suffering and wasted human potential on a scale that 10 unacceptable…they demand a response，…”由此得知，在情形严重时要采取行动。
文章第三段中提到98countries had national plan,of action for nutritioll，而另有41个国家的计划只是在准备中，并未制定出计划来。
文章第四段中提到缺铁会引发贫血（anemia）、智力和身体发展受损（impaired intelleetual as well as physical development）、工作能力下降（reduces work capacity）。C项traffic accidents 与题意不符，故选C。
与B项和C项有关的原文是在最后一段的第二句话中“avoiding drinking tea or coffeewith or soon after meals"，故选C。第5部分；补全短文
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