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  3. 共用题干 Dangers Await Babies With Altitude

共用题干 Dangers Await Babies With Altitude

考试题库2022-08-02  30
问题 共用题干Dangers Await Babies With Altitude

Women who live in the world's highest communities tend to give birth to underweight babies,a new
study suggests.These babies may grow into adults with a high risk of heart disease and strokes.
Research has hinted that newborns in mountain communities are lighter than average.But it wasn't
clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are
under-nourished一many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower
down.
To find out more,Dino Giussani and his team at Cambridge University studied the records of 400 births
in Bolivia during 1997 and 1998.The babies were born in both rich and poor areas of two cities:La Paz and
Santa Cruz.La Paz is the highest city in the world,at 3.65 kilometers above sea level,while Santa Cruz is
much lower,at 0.44 kilometers.
Sure enough,Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than
in Santa Cruz.This was true in both high and low-income families.Even babies born to poor families in
Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty La Paz."We were very
surprised by this result,"says Giussani.
The results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth."This may
trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child," says Giussani.
His team also found that high-altitude babies tended to have relatively larger heads compared with their
bodies.This is probably because a fetus starved of oxygen will send oxygenated blood to the brain in
preference to the rest of the body.
Giussani wants to find out if such babies have a higher risk of disease in later life. People born in La
Paz might be prone to heart trouble in adulthood,for example.Low birth weight is a risk factor for coronary
heart disease.And newborns with a high ratio of head size to body weight are often predisposed to high blood
pressure and strokes in later life.According to the passage,one of the reasons why newborns in mountain communities are underweight is that their mothers are underweight.A:RightB:WrongC:Not mentioned
选项 According to the passage,one of the reasons why newborns in mountain communities are underweight is that their mothers are underweight.
A:Right
B:Wrong
C:Not mentioned
答案 B
解析 文章第二段第二句“But it wasn't clear whether this is due to reduced oxygen levels at high altitude or because their mothers are under-nourished一many people who live at high altitudes are relatively poor compared with those living lower down.”意思是：但是还不清楚这是由于在高海拔 的地方氧气不足，还是由于他们的母亲没有获得足够的营养―许多住在高海拔地方的人相 对都比住在低处的人穷。由此可见，婴儿体重不足并不是因为母体体重不足。故选B。
第三段中提到Giussani在剑桥大学有一个研究组，但其中的成员是什么人却没有讲到。
第四段里说Giussani发现在La Paz出生的婴儿比在Santa Cruz出生的婴儿明显要轻， 不论是高收入的家庭还是低收入的家庭都是这样。最后的一句话是“We were very surprised by this result”说明这个结果是他所没有料到的。
由文章第五段的第一句话“…babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth.”可知，孩子还在母亲的子宫内时就已经缺氧了，这种缺氧的状况又影响荷尔蒙的释放 或抑制，这些荷尔蒙又调节着婴儿的发育。
由文章第六段中的“…have relatively larger heads compared with their bodies”可知，这里 指的不是头比身体大，而是相对身体来说头显得较大。
关于婴儿四肢的大小文中完全没有提及。
题干表述的是Giusani得出了结论，认为出生在高海拔的地方的孩子在成年后更容易 患心脏疾病。由文章最后一段的第一、二句“Giussani wants to find out...for example.”可知，Gi- ussani想找出是否这些孩子（出生在高海拔的地方）会在以后的生活中患上危险性的疾病。例 如，出生在La Paz地区的人们在成年后可能更容易患心脏疾病。题干表述与文中不符，故 选B。第3部分：概括大意与完成句子
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