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  3. 共用题干 Jamie Stephenson has seen first-ha

共用题干 Jamie Stephenson has seen first-ha

考试题库2022-08-02  23
问题 共用题干Jamie Stephenson has seen first-hand what modern genetic science can do for a family.When her son David was 2 years old,a pediatrician noticed signs of mental retardation and developmental delays.A lab test confirmed the diagnosis,and(46)__________.When David was 6,he visited a neurologist,who scribbled"hereditary mental retardation"on an insurance-company claim form. The company responded promptly by canceling coverage for the entire family of six. There is no medical treatment for his mental retardation,and none of David's siblings had been diagnosed with the condition."The company didn't care,"Stephenson says."( 47)________"
No one would argue that genetic tests are worthless.Used properly,(48)________.Prospective parents who discover they're silent carriers of the gene for a disease like Tay-Sachs,which causes death by the age of 3,can make better-informed decisions about whether and how to have kids. Some genetic maladies can be managed through medication and lifestyle changes once they're identifled.And while knowing that you're at special risk for cancer may be an emotional burden,it can also alert you to the need for intensive monitoring.
The federal government is now taking steps to make genetic information less threatening. A recently enacted health insurance act bars insurers from treating genetic mutations as"pre-existing conditions"unless they are causing illness.The act also guarantees coverage to anyone leaving one group plan for another,whatever his pre-existing conditions.That will make switching jobs easier for many people,but ethicists say the act is only a first step.(49)_________.
Lawmakers are now racing to strengthen the protections.(50)______,and Congress will consider several bills in the new session.The insurance industry argues that it should be free to charge people rates that reflect their risks,at least when dealing with individuals and small compames.But most ethicists contend that where health coverage is concerned,people shouldn't be penal-ized for risks they can't modify.
Discrimination isn't the only potential downside to genetic testing. Some of the new susceptibility tests can only vaguely predict illness and no one forces the companies that offer them to counsel patients about what the results actually mean.Even when the tests are sound and the results secure, the knowledge they create can dash hopes and divide families.________（49）A:they can give people unprecedented power over their livesB:the Stephensons spent several years learning to live with itC:People from high-risk families have come to fear tests almost as much as the diseaseD:They just saw a positive genetic test and said,"You're out"E:Because it covers only group plans and doesn't deal with disability insuranceF:At least 15 states in the U.S.have recently placed restrictions on insurers or employers
选项 ________（49）
A:they can give people unprecedented power over their lives
B:the Stephensons spent several years learning to live with it
C:People from high-risk families have come to fear tests almost as much as the disease
D:They just saw a positive genetic test and said,"You're out"
E:Because it covers only group plans and doesn't deal with disability insurance
F:At least 15 states in the U.S.have recently placed restrictions on insurers or employers
答案 E
解析 文章第一段主要讲述的是斯蒂芬劳森的家庭由于一个孩子被确诊为遗传性智力迟钝而被取消了全家六口人保险的事情。该空前一句是说“后来的一次测试证明了儿科医生的推断”，这对斯蒂芬劳森是一个很大的打击，因此选项B最合适。
文章前面讲述了在男孩戴维没有接受任何治疗，而且他的兄弟姐妹中没有一个有这样的症状的情况下，保险公司武断地作出了撤保的决定。本句是通过斯蒂芬劳森的表述对保险公司做出谴责。因此只有选项D合适。
文章前一句是说“基因测试并不是一无是处，如果正确使用······”，因此后一句应该是讲基因测试正确使用的结果，选项A最符合要求。
本段作者主要叙述的是联邦政府正采取措施使基因信息不再对人产生威胁，但是该空的前一句却说“然而伦理学家说这项法案只是第一步”，这跟前文是意义的转折，而读者会疑惑为什么伦理学家会这样说，所以我们推断作者在此处应当更进一步解释伦理学家这么说的原因。只有选项E最符合题意。
文章前一句讲到“立法者们现在正迅速加强这种保护”，那么后面应当是解释他们具体是如何做到的，因此选项F最合适，即“美国至少有15个州已对保险公司或雇主进行了限制”。
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