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共用题干 Obesity:the Scourge of the Western

题库2022-08-02  9
问题 共用题干Obesity:the Scourge of the Western World
Obesity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of the western world,delegates agreed at the 11th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday. According to state-ments before the opening of the conference一of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries一1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight,and 250 million are obese.
Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said:“Obesity is a chronic ill-ness.In Germany,20 percent of the people are already affected,but in Japan only one per-cent.”But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication.
Professor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said:“We are living in the new age(but)with the metabolism of a stone-age man.”“I have just been to the United States.It is really terni-ble.A pizza shop is springing up on every corner. We have been overrun by fast food and Co-ca-Cola-ization.”
Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichler said:“Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese,also fifty percent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty percent with adipose tissue complaints.”“Ten percent more weight means thirteen percent more risk of heart disease.Reducing one's weight by ten percent leads to thirteen percent lower blood pressure.”
Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs.“Though the health insurance pays for surgery( such as re-ducing the size of the stomach)when the body-mass index is more than 40.That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters.One should start earlier.”
Ludvik said that prevention should begin in school.“Child obesity(fat deposits)correlates with the time which children spend in front of TV sets.”The consequences were only apparent later on. No more than fifteen percent of obese people lived to the average life ex-pectancy for their population group.What is the correlation between body weight and heart disease and blood pressure?A: Ten percent less body weight means ten percent less risk of heart disease and high blood pressure.B: Thirteen percent more body weight means ten percent more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure.C: The more body weight one gains,the more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure he has.D: The less body weight one gains,the more risk of heart disease and the less risk of high blood pressure he has.
选项 What is the correlation between body weight and heart disease and blood pressure?
A: Ten percent less body weight means ten percent less risk of heart disease and high blood pressure.
B: Thirteen percent more body weight means ten percent more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure.
C: The more body weight one gains,the more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure he has.
D: The less body weight one gains,the more risk of heart disease and the less risk of high blood pressure he has.
答案 C
解析 题干意为“据估计，全世界有……人患有肥胖病”。备选项很特殊，全是数字，因此利用备选项中的数字作为定位线索，在第一段找到相关句：Obesity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of the western world,delegates agreed at the 11th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday. According to statements before the opening of the conference一of 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries一1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight , and 250 million are obese．相关句（定位线索词集中出现的句子）提到“全世界有12亿人体重超重，而2.5亿人肥胖”。由此判断答案为A。
题干意为“短文中提到在发达国家中……的居民可能受到肥胖的影响最 小”。利用题干及备选项中的细节信息词/短语developed countries and areas , European, German,American, Japanese作为定位线索，同时关注题干中的修饰词least affected（受到影 响最小的），在第二段中找到相关句：Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said: “Obesity is a chronic illness. In Germany（与Germany呼应）,20 percent of the people are already affected , but in Japan（与Japanese呼应）only one percent. ”But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discoveries and medication．相关句提到“德国20%的人已经患有肥胖病，而日本只有1%”。在第三段中作者说他去过美国，那里到处是比萨店，快餐食品，可口可乐，可见美国的胖人也不少。至于全欧洲，因为这次关于肥胖问题的会议是在维也纳召开的，而且短文第一句提到肥胖症正迅速成为西方世界的祸害，由此可推断出欧洲胖人也不少，因此发达国家中受到肥胖症影响的最小的可能就是日本了。所以答案为D。
题干意为“下面哪种疾病最常伴随肥胖病出现？”关注题干中的修饰词most often，利用备选项中的细节信息词/短语high blood pressure, fatty tissue complaints, diabetes, stomach-ache作为定位线索，在第四段中找到相关句：Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichier said:“Eighty percent of all diabetics（与diabetes呼应）are obese,also fifty percent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty percent with adipose tissue complaints.”“Ten percent more weight means thirteen percent more risk of heart disease. Reducing one's weight by ten percent leads to thirteen percent lower blood pressure.”相关句提到“80%的糖尿病患者肥胖，而高血压和脂肪组织疾病患者伴有肥胖症的都各为50%”，由此可见糖尿病并发肥胖病是最多的，所以答案为C。
题干意为“体重，心脏病和血压之间有什么关系？”利用题干中的细节信息词/短语correlation, body weight , heart disease, blood pressure作为定位线索，在第四段找到相关句：Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichier said:“Eighty percent of all diabetics are obese,also fifty percent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty percent with adipose tissue complaints.”“Ten percent more weight means thirteen percent more risk of heart disease. Reducing one's weight by ten percent leads to thirteen percent lower blood pressure.”相关句提到“体重增加10%意味着患心脏病的危险性增加13%，体重减少10%可导致血压降低13%”，由此可判断答案为C项“体重越重，患心脏病和高血压的风险越大”。
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