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共用题干 Sharks Perform a Service for Earth

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问题 共用题干Sharks Perform a Service for Earth's Waters
It is hard to get people to think of sharks as anything but a deadly enemy.They are thought to ______(51)people frequently .But these fish perform a______(52)service for earth's waters and for human beings .Yet business and sport fishing are threatening their______(53).Some sharks are at______(54)of disappearing from earth.
Warm weather may influence both fish and shark activity.Many fish swim near coastal areas ______(55)their warm waters. Experts say sharks may follow the fish into the same areas, ______(56)people also swim.In fact,most sharks do not purposely charge at or bite humans.
They are thought to mistake a person______(57)a sea animal,such as a seal or sea lion.That is why people should not swim in the ocean when the sun goes down or comes up .Those are the ______(58)when sharks are looking for food.Experts also say that bright colors and shiny jewelry may cause sharks to attack.
A shark has an extremely good sense of smell.It can find small amounts of substances in water,such as blood,body liquids and______(59)produced by animals.These powerful ______(60)help sharks find their food.Sharks eat fish,any______(61)sharks,and plants that live in the ocean.
Medical researchers want to learn more about the shark's body defense and immune systems ______(62)disease.Researchers know that sharks______(63)quickly from injuries.They study the shark in hopes of finding a way to fight human disease.
Sharks are important for the world's______(64).They eat injured and diseased fish. Their hunting activities mean that the numbers of other fish in ocean waters do not become too ______(65).This protects the plants and other forms of life that exist in the oceans.64._________A:. riversB: oceansC: forestsD: mountions
选项 64._________
A:. rivers
B: oceans
C: forests
D: mountions
答案 B
解析 本空应选择attack，因为第一句说到：人们认为鲨鱼是a deadly enemy，也就是说鲨鱼会对人类造成伤害。第二句是对deadly enemy的具体说明。其他三个选项meet,love , visit都不合适，love与上下文意思相反，meet和visit与上下文意思不符。


空格所在的句子由but连接，所以该句表达的意思一定与第二句相反。第二句对鲨鱼的评价是负面的，填入空格的词应该是正面的。四个选项中只有Valuable符合这一条件，所以是答案。


第三句说到鲨鱼有益于“waters and human beings"，第五句又说到鲨鱼濒临灭绝的危险。根据上下文的意思，threatening（威胁）到它们的应该是existence（生存）。其他三个选项source , friends , fish都不合适，与上下文意思没有联系。


固定搭配。at risk意为“处于危险之中”。因此D项正确。


四个选项的意思都是“因为”，但是从用法上分析，because , since和by reason that之后要接句子，because of之后接名词或名词短语。their warm waters是名词短语，所以要选用because of。


“... people also swim”明显是定语从句，其先行词是表示地点的名词area,所以要选关系副词where。


从上下文判断，本句的意思是：鲨鱼将人错认为是海洋动物。而“将……错认为是” 的英语表达是mistake...for，所以本题的答案是选项B。


本段的意思是：鲨鱼并非故意袭击人类。人们认为，由于鲨鱼将人错认为是海狮等海洋动物，在饥饿时才袭击人类。日出和日落时，正是鲨鱼饥肠辘辘的时候，人们不应该出海游泳。空格填入的词应该与时间有关，所以times是答案，而与地点有关的选项( places , seas和oceans）与上下文意思脱节。


本段第一、二句是说，鲨鱼的嗅觉特别灵敏，能嗅到海水中存在的极为微量的气味。作者举了三个物质：血、体液和化学品。空格要填入表示物质的名词。四个选项中唯一表达物质的词是chemicals（化学品）。所以chemicals是答案，而其他三个选项与学科有关，脱离了上下文的意思，不是本题的答案。


在第一、二句意思的基础上，作者进一步说明，灵敏的嗅觉有助于鲨鱼找到食物。所以本题的答案是senses，因为feelings , touches和tastes都与smells无关。


本句的中心词是复数的sharks , another所修饰的名词一般是单数，所以不会是答案。these和those是表特指的代词，指代前面出现过的名词。由于前面没有先行词，所以也不可能是答案。剩下的other是答案，any other sharks的说法也合乎英语的用法。


本句是说，医学研究员们想了解更多鲨鱼对抗疾病的身体防御和免疫系统。对抗用against。因此A项正确。


本段最后一句的意思是：医学研究人员研究鲨鱼的目的是为了找到一种人类抗病的方法。所以，空格所在句子的意思应该是recover( quickly from injuries)。科学家想要探索的应该是有关受伤鲨鱼recover quickly from injuries的秘密，而reform（改造）、re-turn（回归）和rely（依靠）只是与答案recover在词形上有点相似而已，其意思与上下文的意思风马牛不相及。


从上下文判断，鲨鱼的存在能使oceans得益。鲨鱼不生活在river, forests或 mountains中，所以这三个选项不会是答案。


本段其余三句都是说明为什么鲨鱼有益于海洋。它们吃海洋动物，结果使得海洋中的动物数量不会过多。weak ,little ,few都与上面表达的意思相反，所以只有great是答案。
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