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  3. 共用题干 Narrow EscapeWe had left the hut t

共用题干 Narrow EscapeWe had left the hut t

题库2022-08-02  14
问题 共用题干Narrow Escape
We had left the hut too late that morning. When we stepped outside,the sky beyond the mountains to our east was already livid with colour. It meant the day would be a hot one,and the warmth would loosen rocks that were gripped by ice.
As soon as we stepped out on to the face,it became obvious this was going to be an awkward route. The main problem was talus,the debris that collects on mountainsides. Talus is despised by mountaineers for two reasons. First,because it can easily be pushed off on to you by people climbing above. And second,because it makes every step you take insecure.
For about 30 minutes we moved steadily up the face. The rock was in poor condition, shattered horizontally and mazed with cracks. When I tried to haul myself up on a block of it,it would pull out towards me,like a drawer opening. My hands became progressively wetter and colder. Then came a shout.“Cailloux!Cailloux!”I heard yelled from above,in a female voice. The words echoed down towards us. I looked up to see where they had come from.
There were just two rocks at first,leaping and bounding down the face towards us,once cannoning off each other in mid-air. And then the air above suddenly seemed alive with falling rocks,humming through the air and filling it with noise. Crack,went each one as it leapt off the rock face,then hum-hum-hum as it moved through the air,then crack again. The pause between the cracks lengthened each time,as the rocks gained momentum and jumped further and further. I continued to gaze up at the rocks as they fell and skipped towards me. A boy who had been a few years above me at school had taught me never to look up during a rock fall.“Why?Because a rock in your face is far less pleasant than a rock on your helmet,”he told us.“Face in,always face in.”
I heard Toby,my partner on the mountain that day,shouting at me. I looked across. He was safe beneath an overhanging canopy of rock. I could not understand him. Then I felt a thump,and was tugged backwards and round,as though somebody had clamped a heavy hand on my shoulder and turned me to face them. A rock had hit the lid of my rucksack.
I looked up again. A rock was heading down straight towards me. Instinctively,I leant backwards and arched my back out from the rock to try to protect my chest. What about my fingers,though,I thought:they'll be crushed flat if it hits them,and I'll never get down. Then I heard a crack directly in front of me,and a tug at my trousers,and a yell from Toby. “Are you all right?That went straight through you.”The rock had pitched in front of me, and passed through the hoop of my body,between my legs,missing me but snatching at my clothing as it went.
Toby and I had spent the evening talking through the events of the morning:What if the big final stone hadn't leapt sideways,what if I'd been knocked off,would you have held me, would I have pulled you off?A more experienced mountaineer would probably have thought nothing of it.I knew I would not forget it.The first reason given to explain why mountaineers hate talus is______.A: that climbers above you might cause it to fall on youB: that it allows people climbing above you to push offC: that it makes people climbing above you feel insecureD: that it can cause other people to push you off the mountain
选项 The first reason given to explain why mountaineers hate talus is______.
A: that climbers above you might cause it to fall on you
B: that it allows people climbing above you to push off
C: that it makes people climbing above you feel insecure
D: that it can cause other people to push you off the mountain
答案 A
解析 题干意为“为什么说他们离开小屋的时间晚了？”该题属于细节题，而且属于细节题中的因果逻辑题，在解题时需要注意英文中因果逻辑通常的陈述习惯：先果后因。利用题干及选项中的名词及名词短语作为定位线索，在短文中查找相关句，同时关注题干中的修饰词（too) late，重点关注短文开头前三段，尤其是第一段。在第一段中找到相关句：We had left the hut too late that morning.When we stepped outside,the sky beyond the mountains  to our east was already livid with colour.It meant the day would be a hot one, and warmth would loosen rocks that were gripped by ice．相关句（第一个带下划线的句子）提到  “那天早晨我们离开露营的小屋已经很晚了”，这是陈述结果的句子，这个句子没有提到原因―为什么说离开小屋已经很晚了，那么原因应该就在下文中。相关句（第二个带下划线的句子）提到“我们走到外面时，东面笼罩在山上的天空是青灰色的”,B项“天空的青灰色将会伤害他们的眼睛”提到了天空的颜色，但是短文并未提及天空的颜色是否会伤害他们的眼睛，因此选项B属于“无中生有陷阱项”。相关句（第三个带下划线的句子）意为“这表示天将会很热，天气温暖将会使被冰紧裹的石头慢慢松动”，这句子解释了原因：温度上升将会使包裹岩石的冰融化，因而可能会产生的结果是岩石松动，走在这样的岩石上会比较危险，所以C 项“冰融化使得岩石松动会造成危险”是答案。A项“在炎热的天气中爬山不舒服”,D项“他们不能在融化的冰上行走”都是短文中未提及的信息，因此这两个选项都属于“无中生有陷阱项”。
题干意为“登山者讨厌料坡的第一个原因是什么？”该题属于细节题，而且属于细节题中的因果逻辑题，在解题时需要注意英文中因果逻辑通常的陈述习惯：先果后因。利用题干及选项中的名词及名词短语作为定位线索，在短文中查找相关句，顺着上一题相关句的位置往下查找，这样在第二段中找到相关句：As soon as we stepped out on to the face, it became obvious this was going to be an awkward route. The main problem was talus,the debris that collects on mountainsides. Talus is despised by mountaineers for two reasons.  First,because it can easily be pushed off on to you by people climbing above. And second, because it makes every step you take insecure．相关句（带下划线的句子）提到“登山者反感斜坡的原因有两个：首先，爬在上面的人很容易把它（碎石）推落到你的身上”，这两个句子之间还是“先果后因”，原因通过because引导的原因状语从句直接进行了陈述：爬在上面的人很容易把碎石推落到你的身上，由此可见A项“在你前面爬山的人可能会让碎石落到你的身上” 是答案。
题干意为“Cailloux这个词的意思是什么？”该题属于词汇题。首先找到Cail-loux在短文中的语境：My hands became progressively wetter and colder. Then came a shout.“Cailloux!Cailloux!”I heard yelled from above,in a female voice. The words echoed down  towards us. I looked up to see they had come from.（第四段第一句）There were just two rocks at first,leaping and bounding down the face towards us,once cannoning off each other in mid-air. Cailloux所在的语境意为“‘ Cailloux'！我听到来自上面的一个女人的叫喊。声音成回声向下传向我们，我抬头寻找声音传来的方向。最开始只有两块石头，弹跳着移向我们，在半空撞击”。依据Cailloux所在语境，从选项中筛选答案：A项“在空中飞跃的岩石”； B项“正在落下的岩石”；C项“在前面的地面上有松动的岩石”；D项“到处都有岩石”。显然选项B的意义出现在Cailloux的语境中最合理，最通顺，所以答案为B。
题干意为“在第四段中男孩话语中讽刺的是什么？”该题考查考生理解给定语境中的句子的意义。首先找到第四段中男孩所说的话语：There were just two rocks at first,leaping and bounding down the face towards us,once cannoning off each other in mid-air. And then the air above suddenly seemed alive with falling rocks,humming through the air and filling it with noise. Crack,went each one as it leapt off the rock face,then hum-hum-hum as it moved through the air,then crack again. The pause between the cracks lengthened each time,as the rocks gained momentum and jumped further and further. I continued to gaze up at the rocks as they fell and skipped towards me. A boy who had been a few years above me at schcool had taught me never to look up during a rock fall.“Why?Because a rack in your face is far less pleasant than a rock on your helmet,”he told us.“Face in,always face in.”相 关句（带有下划线的句子）意为“在学校一个比我高几年级的男孩告诉过我，当石头掉下来时千万不要抬头。‘为什么？ 因为石头砸在你的头盔上要远远好过砸在你的脸上’。他告诉我们。‘低头，一直把头低着’”。石头落下时低下头保护自己是很自然的反应，语境中男孩所说的话语中有超越字面意义的句子是“因为石头砸在你的头盔上要远远好过砸在你的脸上”。我们知道无论石头是砸中头盔还是砸在脸上都不好受，当然如果砸在脸上对人的伤害会更大，因此“因为石头砸在你的头盔上要远远好过砸在你的脸上”应该是在警告人在登山的时候要小心，低下头，从而保护自己，否则被落下的岩石砸中就不好受了，所以D项“被岩石砸中会很不好受”为正确答案。三个干扰项中，A项“他没有低下头”,B项“不是每个登山者都会戴上头盔”,C项“在岩石落下的过程中不抬头是很难的”都不正确。
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