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  3. Text 4 The revelations we publish about

Text 4 The revelations we publish about

资格题库2022-08-02  11
问题 Text 4 The revelations we publish about how Facebook's data was used by Cambridge Analytica to subvert the openness of democracy are only the latest examples of a global phenomenon.YouTube can not only profit from disturbing content but in unintended ways rewards its creation.The algorithms that guide viewers to new choices aim always to intensify the experience,and to keep the viewer excited.Recent research found that the nearly 9,000 YouTube videos explaining away American school shootings as the results of conspiracies using actors to play the part of victims had been watched,in total,more than 4bn times.Four billion page views is an awful lot of potential advertising revenue;it is also,in an embarrassingly literal sense,traffic in human misery and exploitation.None of these problems is new,and all of them will grow worse and more pressing in the coming years,as the technology advances.Yet the real difficulty is not the slickness of the technology but the willingness of the audience to be deceived and its desire to have its prejudices gratified.Many of the most destructive videos on YouTube consist of one man roaring into a camera without any visual aids at all.Twitter uses no fancy technology yet lies spread across that network six times as fast as true stories.Although Twitter and YouTube pose undoubted difficulties for democracies,it is Facebook that has borne the brunt of recent criticism,in part because its global ambitions have led it to expand into countries where it is essentially the only gateway to the wider internet,The company's ambitions to become the carrier of all content（and thus able to sell advertising against everything online）have led it inexorably into the position of being the universal publisher.The difficulties of this position cannot be resolved by the facile idea of the"community values"to which Facebook appeals-and,anyway,that only begs the question:"Which community?"Mark Zuckerberg talks about a"global community"but such a thing does not exist and may never do so.Communities have different values and different interests,which sometimes appear existentially opposed.Almost all will define themselves,at least in part,against other communities.The task of reconciling the resulting conflicts is political,cultural and even religious;it is not technological at all.For a private American advertising company to set itself up as the arbiter of all the world's political and cultural conflicts is an entirely vain ambition.Into the vacuum left by Facebook's waffle,nation states are stepping.Many are keen to use surveillance capitalism for direct political ends.They must be resisted.The standards by which the internet is controlled need to be open and subject to the workings of impartial judiciaries.But the task cannot and will not be left to the advertising companies that at present control most of the content-and whose own judgments are themselves almost wholly opaque and arbitrary.Facebook incurs more criticism than other platforms partly for its____A.global dominance of messagingB.multiple types of contentC.real role as an advertising companyD.worldwide news coverage
选项 A.global dominance of messaging
B.multiple types of content
C.real role as an advertising company
D.worldwide news coverage
答案 A
解析 [信息锁定]第三段首句指Ⅲ．推特和YouTube都威胁民主，但最近挨批的主要是Facebook．部分由于它野心勃勃：业务已扩展至较闭塞国家，成为它们联结更广互联网的唯一通道；它还想主宰一切内容．完全掌控数字广告世界，故A.正确。[解题技巧]B.基于”Facebook平台内容种类多样，不像Twitter、YouTube主打某种信息形式”的事实设置干扰。C.虽然符合事实．且卖广告也是Facebook最终意图，但其他社交平台其实本质一样，所以这不是Facebook挨批的原因。D.干扰源于“大部分地方都用上Facebook以了解更广的互联网（全球各种信息）”，但这里重在强调“Facebook主宰数字内容”，而选项属于平台功能．事实上该功能许多媒体也具备。
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英语二研究生

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