2. 学历类
  3. Directions: In the following text, some

Directions: In the following text, some

考试题库2022-08-02  59
问题 Directions:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)　　Think of those fleeting moments when you look out of an aeroplane window and realise that you are flying, higher than a bird. Now think of your laptop, thinner than a brown-paper envelope, or your cellphone in the palm of your hand. Take a moment or two to wonder at those marvels. You are the lucky inheritor of a dream come true.　　The second half of the 20th century saw a collection of geniuses, warriors, entrepreneurs and visionaries labour to create a fabulous machine that could function as a typewriter and printing press, studio and theatre, paintbrush and gallery, piano and radio, the mail as well as the mail carrier. (41) ________________　　The networked computer is an amazing device, the first media machine that serves as the mode of production, means of distribution, site of reception, and place of praise and critique. The computer is the 21st century’s culture machine.　　But for all the reasons there are to celebrate the computer, we must also tread with caution. (42) ________________ I call it a secret war for two reasons. First, most people do not realise that there are strong commercial agendas at work to keep them in passive consumption mode. Second, the majority of people who use networked computers to upload are not even aware of the significance of what they are doing.　　All animals download, but only a few upload. Beavers build dams and birds make nests. Yet for the most part, the animal kingdom moves through the world downloading. Humans are unique in their capacity to not only make tools but then turn around and use them to create superfluous material goods—paintings, sculpture and architecture—and superfluous experiences—music, literature, religion and philosophy. (43) ________________　　For all the possibilities of our new culture machines, most people are still stuck in download mode. Even after the advent of widespread social media, a pyramid of production remains, with a small number of people uploading material, a slightly larger group commenting on or modifying that content, and a huge percentage remaining content to just consume. (44) ________________　　Television is a one-way tap flowing into our homes. The hardest task that television asks of anyone is to turn the power off after he has turned it on. (45) ________________　　What counts as meaningful uploading? My definition revolves around the concept of “stickiness”—creations and experiences to which others adhere.　　[A] Of course, it is precisely these superfluous things that define human culture and ultimately what it is to be human. Downloading and consuming culture requires great skills, but failing to move beyond downloading is to strip oneself of a defining constituent of humanity.　　[B] Applications like tumblr.com, which allow users to combine pictures, words and other media in creative ways and then share them, have the potential to add stickiness by amusing, entertaining and enlightening others.　　[C] Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day.　　[D] This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading—between passive consumption and active creation—whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.　　[E] The challenge the computer mounts to television thus bears little similarity to one format being replaced by another in the manner of record players being replaced by CD players.　　[F] One reason for the persistence of this pyramid of production is that for the past half-century, much of the world’s media culture has been defined by a single medium—television—and television is defined by downloading.　　[G]The networked computer offers the first chance in 50 years to reverse the flow, to encourage thoughtful downloading and, even more importantly, meaningful uploading.
选项
答案
解析 41. C　通过略读第一段可知该篇文章主要讲述科技给人们生活带来的便利，重点是对媒介的论述，其中提到了“create a fabulous machine”，浏览七个选项，C项中“develop such a device”刚好与此衔接，并与下段中an amazing machine相对应，因此本题选C。
42. D　此空位于段落中间，因此需在空前和空后找关联词，空前和空后分别提到特征词“reason”和“war”，浏览七个选项，D项中because和war恰好与此相对，因此为正确答案。
43. A　此题空位于段末，因此要在空前及下段段首找关联词，该空之前提到“superfluous material goods”，而下段句首提到“download”；浏览七个选项，A项中出现了“these superfluous things”，和downloading，因此可以确定正确答案为A项。
44. F　该空位于句末，因此在该空之前和下段句首需找关联词，该空之前出现关联词a pyramid of production，而下段段首提到television，通过浏览七个选项，可以发现与此关联的有E、F两项，再进行分析，可知E项只有television一词与空后相对应，而F项不仅出现了television，而且还有this pyramid of production这一特征词，因此正确答案为F项。
45. G　此空之前指出电视单方面向观众灌输信息（one-way tap flowing），下文则是对meaningful uploading的介绍，G项提到“网络计算机有可能改变这种一味被动接受信息的状况，鼓励人们在有选择的下载，和进行有意义的上传活动”，其中reverse the flow与前文的one-way tap flowing相对应，而meaningful uploading又与下段相对照，因此G项为正确答案。
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