The US $3-million Fundamental Physics Pr

考试题库2022-08-02 27

问题 The US $3-million Fundamental Physics Prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March. And it is far from the only one of its type. As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awards for researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from the telephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.　What’s not to like? Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels. The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. They could distort the achievement-based system of peer-review-led research. They could cement the status quo of peer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.　The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism. Some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.　As Nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed. The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, launched this year, takes an unrepresentative view of what the life sciences include. But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must still be living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Nobels were, of course, themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.　As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. First, most researchers would accept such a prize if they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere. It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.The author believes that the new awards are _____.A. acceptable despite the criticismB. harmful to the culture of researchC. subject to undesirable changesD. unworthy of public attention

选项 A. acceptable despite the criticism
B. harmful to the culture of research
C. subject to undesirable changes
D. unworthy of public attention

答案 A

解析态度题。题目询问作者对新奖项的态度。定位到最后一段。最后一段第①句承上启下，指出科学家虽然对新奖项有抱怨，但是有两点很明显：一是大多数研究者都会接受新奖项，二是把资金和注意力投在科学研究上实际上是好事；第④、⑤句客观地提出对新奖项机制的批评和质疑本身就是一种研究的态度，但奖项设立者要如何使用资金是他们自己的事，获奖者接受奖金的时候应该心怀感激。A项“虽有争议但可以接受” ，criticism照应文中的complain about （抱怨）和fair to criticize and question（批评和质疑是合理的），acceptable与surely a good thing（确实是好事）和take the prize with gratitude and grace（心怀感激、有风度地领奖）对应。B项是利用原文的the culture of research设置干扰，文中并未谈及新奖项对研究文化有害，harmful一词属于捏造；C项新奖项“妥协于本不想要的改变”文中并未提及；最后一段讲到一些科学家会抱怨新奖项，但这不代表新奖项不值得公众关注，故不选D项。

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The US $3-million Fundamental Physics Pr

英语一研究生

研究生入学