Text 1 While still catching up to men in

考试题库2022-08-02 24

问题 Text 1 While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life,women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category.“Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,”according to Dr.Yehuda,chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response,causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.In several of the studies,when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries（the female reproductive organs）removed,their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals,are her increased“opportunities”for stress.“It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well.It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,”says Dr.Yehuda.“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,”she observes,“it’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”Dr.Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes.“I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature.Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress.Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence.The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations,by,unfortunately,parents or other family members,and they tend not to be one-shot deals.The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son,but was determined to finish college.“I struggled a lot to get the college degree.I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape,to go to school,and get ahead and do better.”Later,her marriage ended and she became a single mother.“It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager,have a job,pay the rent,pay the car payment,and pay the debt.I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes.But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations,with few breaks,and feeling the strain.Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.24.The sentence“I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”（Line 6,Para.5）shows thatA.Alvarez cared about nothing but making money.B.Alvarez’s salary barely covered her household expenses.C.Alvarez got paychecks from different jobs.D.Alvarez paid practically everything by check.

选项 A.Alvarez cared about nothing but making money.
B.Alvarez’s salary barely covered her household expenses.
C.Alvarez got paychecks from different jobs.
D.Alvarez paid practically everything by check.

答案 B

解析第五段是一个具体实例，从语境来看，该段通过描述阿尔瓦雷兹承受各种家庭责任来说明女性承受着长期而严重的压力。从文中可以看出，作为一个单身母亲，阿尔瓦雷兹面临很大的生存压力，要付房租等日常开支，这与B项中所指的她的薪水几乎不能满足日常生活开销相吻合，故正确选项为B。A项侧重人物主观倾向，和文中承受生活压力这种客观无奈脱离，故排除。C项只是文章事实内容的介绍，并没有与主题联系，故排除；D项完全曲解了“paycheck”的意义，望文生义将paycheck拆成pay和check而编造的选项，所以排除。

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Text 1 While still catching up to men in

英语一研究生

研究生入学