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  3. 资料：Directions : There is 1 passage in th

资料：Directions : There is 1 passage in th

题库2022-08-02  33
问题 资料：Directions : There is 1 passage in this part. The passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices , You should decide on the best choice.Your face is the future of smartphone security. Apple made that clear last week when it unveiled the pricey iPhone X. Apple claims to have conquered many of the challenges that have prevented the widespread use offacial biometrics. But a number of computer-vision researchers say they are skeptical that a smartphone-based system like FaceID can account for things like variable lighting conditions or subtle changes in a person's appearance to create a secure-yet-practical way to unlock a phone a dozen or more times a day.Apple’s new technology does sound promising. The company says FaceID creates a “precise depth map” of one’s visage by projecting more than 30,000 infrared dots against a person’s face, then using the phone’s infrared TrueDepth camera and high-power microchip to collect and analyze the results. Users are also asked to turn their head as they scan so the phone's machine-learning algorithm can measure the face from several angles and create a more detailed 3-D map of their features. Once the map is created and stored, the iPhone X uses infrared light to help FaceID scan a person’s face even in the dark. Meanwhile, machine-learning algorithms running on the phonekeep track of changes in a person's appearance—including glasses, facial hair and hats—so the smartphone’s accuracy improves over time.Despite advances in facial recognition in recent years, it remains unclear whether FaceID will work in a variety of conditions while also keeping the iPhone X secure. Hackers, for example, quickly found a way to bypass the Samsung Galaxy S8's facial-recognition scanner when it was introduced in March: They tricked the device by simply showing it a photo of the user. FaceID’s use of 3-D facial maps could address that problem. But historically it has been a big challenge for such a system to recognize faces under different lighting conditions and from a variety of angles.Apple showed off FaceID last week under relatively controlled conditions, says Arun Ross, a professor of computer science and engineering at Michigan State University. "Clearly the demo was very interesting," he says. "But at the same time some extraordinary claims were made." Apple' s Schiller said, for example, that the chance a random person' s face could unlock someone else' s iPhone X was one in a million——much more secure than TouchID. Ross says, however, that it is not clear how often FaceID fails to recognize its owner. When contacted, Apple declined to elaborate on Schiller' s comments.“Like all biometrics, FaceID will have a problem with revocation,” says Vitaly Shmatikov, a computer science professor at Cornell Tech. “If a password is compromised, it can be changed—but a face cannot be changed.” Apple touts its ability to secure data on its iPhones, which do not share biometric information with the company’s servers. Still, Ross says, hackers always seem to find a way around even the tightest security.Why does the author mention Vitaly Shmatikov saying "a face cannot be changed" ?A.To infer that a person' s face is highly unlikely to change to another shape.B.To illustrate that the image stored in the phone cannot be changed if FaceID is compromised.C.To explain the revocation difficulty of FaceID.D.To enhance the data security on iPhone since it do not share biometric information with servers.
选项 A.To infer that a person' s face is highly unlikely to change to another shape.
B.To illustrate that the image stored in the phone cannot be changed if FaceID is compromised.
C.To explain the revocation difficulty of FaceID.
D.To enhance the data security on iPhone since it do not share biometric information with servers.
答案 C
解析 本题考查的是细节理解。
【关键词】a face cannot be changed；Vitaly Shmatikov
【主题句】“Like all biometrics, FaceID will have a problem with revocation,” says Vitaly Shmatikov“像所有生物识别技术一样，FaceID在撤销方面会有问题”,“If a password is compromised, it can be changed—but a face cannot be changed.” ”如果密码被盗用，可以改密码——但是人脸无法改变。”
【解析】题目意为“为什么作者要提到Vitaly Shmatikov‘脸不能被改变’的这句话”？”选项A意为“推断一个人的脸几乎不可能改变到另一个形状”；选项B意为“如果面部识别失效，手机中的图像储存也无法改变”；选项C意为“强调面部识别的撤销困难”；选项D意为“它不能与服务器分享生物识别信息，因而要加强iPhone的数据安全”。 根据主题句可知，人脸作为密码无法撤销，因此FaceID在撤销方面存在困难。
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