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It's one of our common beliefs that mice

考试题库2022-08-02  99
问题 It's one of our common beliefs that mice areafraid of cats.Scientists have long known that even if a mouse has never seena cat before,it is still able to detect chemical signals released from the catand run away in fear.This has always been thought to be something that ishard-wired into a mouse's brain.But now Wendy Ingram,a graduate student at theUniversity of California,Berkeley,has challenged this common sense.She hasfound a way to"cure"mice of their inborn fear of cats by infectingthem with a parasite,reported the science journal Nature.The parasite,called Toxoplasma gondii,might soundunfamiliar to you,but the shocking fact is that up to one-third of peoplearound the world are infected by it.This parasite can cause different diseasesamong humans,especially pregnant women--it is linked to blindness and thedeath of unborn babies.However,the parasite's effects on mice are unique.Ingram and her team measured how mice reacted to a cat's urine before and afterit was infected by the parasite.They noted that normal mice stayed far awayfrom the urine while mice that were infected with the parasite walked freelyaround the test area.But that's not all.The parasite was found to bemore powerful than originally thought--even after researchers cured the mice ofthe infection.They no longer reacted with fear to a cat's smell,which couldindicate that the infection has caused a permanent change in mice's brains.Why does a parasite change a mouse's brain insteadof making it sick like it does to humans?The answer lies inevolution."It's exciting scary to know how a parasite can manipulate amouse's brain this way,"Ingram said.But she also finds it inspiring."Typically if you have a bacterial infection,you go to a doctor and takeantibiotics and the infection is cleared and you expect all the symptoms toalso go away."She said,but this study has proven that wrong."Thismay have huge implications for infectious disease medicine."The underlined part“hard-wired”in Paragraph 1probably means_______.查看材料A.deeply rootedB.quickly changedC.closely linkedD.deeply hurried
选项 A.deeply rooted
B.quickly changed
C.closely linked
D.deeply hurried
答案 A
解析 词汇题。文章第一段指出老鼠即使没有见过猫也是会害怕的，由此可推断出这是一种天生就刻在老鼠大脑里的行为。deeply rooted“深深根植于”符合文章想要表达的意思，故本题选A。
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