首页
登录
从业资格
请阅读Passage 2,完成此题。 Passage 2 Until a d
请阅读Passage 2,完成此题。 Passage 2 Until a d
考试题库
2022-08-02
43
问题
请阅读Passage 2,完成此题。Passage 2Until a decade or two ago, the centers of many Western cities were emptying while their edges were spreading. This was not for the reasons normally cited. Neither the car nor the motorway caused suburban sprawl, although they sped it up: cities were spreading before either came along.Nor was the flight to the suburbs caused by racism. Whites fled inner-city neighborhoods that were becoming black, but they also fled ones that were not. Planning and zoning rules encouraged sprawl, as did tax breaks for home ownership--but cities spread regardless of these. The real cause was mass affluence. As people grew richer, they demanded more privacy and space. Only a few could afford that in city centers; the rest moved out.The same process is now occurring in the developing world, but much more quickly. The pop-ulation density of metropolitan Beijing has collapsed since 1970, falling from 425 people per hectare to 65. Indian cities are following; Brazil's are ahead. And suburbanization has a long way to run. Beijing is now about as crowded as metropolitan Chicago was at its most closely packed, in the 1920s. Since then Chicago's density has fallen by almost three-quarters.This is welcome. Romantic notions of sociable, high-density living--notions pushed, for the most part, by people who themselves occupy rather spacious residences--ignore the squalor and lack of privacy to be found in Kinshasa, Mumbai or the other crowded cities of the poor world.Many of them are far too dense for dignified living, and need to spread out.The Western suburbs to which so many aspire are healthier than their detractors say. The modern Stepfords are no longer white monocultures, but that is progress. For every Ferguson there are many American suburbs that have quietly become black, Hispanic or Asian, or a blend of every-one. Picaresque accounts of decay overlook the fact that America's suburbs are half as criminal and a little more than half as poor as central cities. Even as urban centers revive, more Americans move from city centre to suburb than go the other way.But the West has also made mistakes, from which the rest of the world can learn. The first lesson is that suburban sprawl imposes costs on everyone. Suburbanites tend to use more roads and consume more carbon than urbanites (though perhaps not as much as distant commuters forced out by green belts). But this damage can be alleviated by a carbon tax, by toll roads and by charging for parking. Many cities in the emerging world have followed the foolish American practice of re-quiring property developers to provide a certain number of parking spaces for every building--something that makes commuting by car much more attractive than it would be otherwise. Scrap-ping them would give public transport a chance.The second is that it is foolish to try to stop the spread of suburbs. Green belts, the most ef-fective method for doing this, push up property prices and encourage long-distance commuting. The cost of housing in London, already astronomical, went up by 19% in the past year, reflecting not just the city's strong economy but also the impossibility of building on its edges. The insistence on big minimum lot sizes in some American suburbs and rural areas has much the same effect. Cities that try to prevent growth through green belts often end up weakening themselves, as Seoul has done.A wiser policy would be to plan for huge expansion. Acquire strips of land for roads and rail-ways, and chunks for parks, before the city sprawls into them. New York's 19th-century governors decided where Central Park was going to go long before the city reached it. New York went on to develop in a way that they could not have imagined, but the park is still there. This is not the state control of the new-town planner--that confident soul who believes he knows where people will want to live and work, and how they will get from one to the other. It is the realism needed to manage the inevitable. A model of living that has broadly worked well in the West is spreading, adapting to local conditions as it goes. We should all look forward to the time when Chinese and Indian teenagers write sulky songs about the appalling dullness of suburbia.What does the underlined word "them" in PARAGRAPH FIVE refer to?查看材料A.Parking spaces.B.Green belts.C.Distant commuters.D.Property developers.
选项
A.Parking spaces.
B.Green belts.
C.Distant commuters.
D.Property developers.
答案
A
解析
第五段中them出现在最后一句,具体的指代内容应该在其前面,前面一句有提到“American practice of requiring property developers to provide a certain number of parking spaces for every build-ing”美国人惯常的做法是让开发商在每幢建筑都留有一定的停车位.由此可知“them”指的是parking spaces停
车位。故选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/congyezige/1878429.html
本试题收录于:
中学英语学科知识与教学能力题库教师资格笔试分类
中学英语学科知识与教学能力
教师资格笔试
相关试题推荐
请阅读Passage2,完成小题: Passage2Americans
Thepassagemustprobablyappearsin____
Howdoestheauthororganizethepassage
Accordingtothepassage,wecangetthat
Passage1 Inatraditionalclassroom,
Passage1 Inatraditionalclassroom,
Passage1 Inatraditionalclassroom,
Passage2 FormostAmericankids,itwo
Passage2 FormostAmericankids,itwo
Passage2 FormostAmericankids,itwo
随机试题
[originaltext]W:Hi,Rex.How’syourhistorypapergoing?M:It’scomingalong.
Childrencanusuallydress_____bytheageoffive.A、themselvesB、themC、selvesD
下列各句中,加下划线的成语使用正确的是: A.这场战争的激烈程度用风声鹤唳来形
夏季施工时,日最高气温达到()以上,应当停止当日室外露天作业。A.30℃ B.
股权投资基金的特点,不包括()A.投资期限长、流动性较差 B.投资后管理投入
跨式期权是一种期权交易策略,包括同一种标的资产的看涨期权和看跌期权。这里同一种标
从所给的四个选项中,选择最合适的一个填入问号处,使之呈现一定的规律性: A.7
下列表述中,不属于分部报告的是:A、该分部的收入占所有分部收入合计的10%或者以
下列关于我国证券交易所席位使用的说法中,正确的是()。A:席位可以退回,也可以转
案例三: 一般资料:求助者,女性,36岁,博士,研究员。 案例介绍:求助者留
最新回复
(
0
)