2. 职称英语
  3. 　　The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two di

　　The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two di

游客2025-07-16  13
问题 　　The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages.
　　Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e. g. cloth making, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Though the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious (费力的) and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident—the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e. g. electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated (复杂的) medical care) .
　　In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant (无关紧要的); if the family were to enjoy these results of industrialization, they would have to be got in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, maybe less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility (灵活性) for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance (依赖) on the marketplace.
　　In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassic (新古典主义的) model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage. [br] If the family wanted to consume new goods and services in the second stage, they had to play roles_________.
选项 A、as wage earners
B、both as manufacturers and consumers
C、both as workers and purchasers
D、as customers
答案 C
解析 从文章最后一段第一句“In order to consume these new goods and services，the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers”可知他们要扮演工薪阶层和消费者，即工人和购买者，故选C。
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