首页
登录
职称英语
Water is the oldest form of transport. The original sailing vessels were re
Water is the oldest form of transport. The original sailing vessels were re
游客
2025-04-24
37
管理
问题
Water is the oldest form of transport. The original sailing vessels were replaced by steamboats in the early 1800s and by diesel power in the 1920s. A distinction is generally made between deepwater and navigable inland water transport. Domestic commerce centers on tile Great Lakes, canals, and navigable rivers.
In 1975 water transport accounted for 22.6 percent of total intercity tonnage. Its relative share of intercity tonnage was 31.3 percent in 1947 and 31.7 percent in 1958. Tonnage declined to 27.9 percent in 1965 but increased by 1970 to 28.4 percent. This short-term increase did not stabilize. Market share dropped by 5.8 percent by 1975. Forecasted market share by 1985 is 18.4 percent of total intercity tonnage. The water transport share of revenue has been less than 2 percent of intercity freight revenue since 1955.
The exact miles of improved waterways in operation depend in part on whether coastwise and intercostal shipping are included. Approximately 26,000 miles of improved inland waterways were operated in 1975. Fewer miles of improved inland waterways exist than of any other transportation mode.
The main advantage of water transport is the capacity to move extremely large shipments. Deepwater vessels are restricted in operation, but diesel-towed barges have a fair degree of flexibility. In comparison to rail and highway, water transport ranks in the middle with respect to fixed cost. The fixed cost of operation is greater than that of motor carriers but less than that of railroads. The main disadvantage of water is the limited degree of flexibility and the low speeds of transport. Unless the source and destination of the movement are adjacent to a waterway, supplemental haul by rail or truck is required. The capability of water to transport large tonnage at low variable cost places this mode of transport in demand when low freight rates are desired and speed of transit is a secondary consideration.
Freight transported by inland water leans heavily to mining and basic bulk commodities, such as chemicals, cement, and selected agricultural products. In addition to the restrictions of navigable waterways, terminal facilities for bulk arid dry cargo storage and load-unload devices limit the flexibility of water transport. Labor restrictions on loading and unloading at dock level create operational problems and tend to reduce the potential range of available traffic. Finally, a highly competitive situation has developed between railroads and inland water carriers in areas where parallel routings exist.
Inland and Great Lakes water transport will continue to be a viable alternative for future logistical system design. The full potential of the St. Lawrence Seaway has not yet been realized with respect to domestic freight. The slow passage of inland river transport can provide a form of warehousing in transit if fully integrated into overall system design. Improvements in ice-breaking equipment appear on the verge of eliminating the seasonal limitations of water transport. [br] Which of the following statements is true according to the article?
选项
A、Steamboats are the original sailing vessels.
B、Steam power followed diesel power.
C、Deepwater and navigable inland water transport are equivalents.
D、There is domestic commerce in the Atlantic Ocean.
答案
C
解析
深水运输和内陆水上运输实力相当。根据最后一段的第一句,内陆和五大湖的水上运输依然是未来后勤系统设计中的一个可行的替代办法。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4051182.html
相关试题推荐
Wateristheoldestformoftransport.Theoriginalsailingvesselswerere
Wateristheoldestformoftransport.Theoriginalsailingvesselswerere
Wateristheoldestformoftransport.Theoriginalsailingvesselswerere
Wateristheoldestformoftransport.Theoriginalsailingvesselswerere
Wateristheoldestformoftransport.Theoriginalsailingvesselswerere
Scientistsaresearchingfortheoldesttree______becauseitcanteachthemagr
随机试题
(1)Untiltheendofthe18thcentury,itwasmenwholavishedattentionont
[originaltext]Ifyou’reconfusedabouthowmuchwateryoureallyneed,I’m
B
变更管理的工作程序包括:接受变更申请、对变更的初审、()、CCB决定是否批准、
1.直流系统的馈出网络应采用()状供电方式,严禁采用环状供电方式。 A.
()有利于社会工作者把握服务对象的经历及其背后的原因。A.结构式观察 B.非
_________在1908年做盼“水下打靶”实验是经验概括说的经典实验。(
(2019年真题)下列关于因果关系说法不正确的是?A.医生甲以杀人的故意向病人乙
为促进循环经济的发展,国家鼓励和支持中介机构、学会和其他社会组织开展循环经济的
脊髓前角细胞病损的瘫痪特点A、单瘫 B、节段型分布的弛缓性瘫,伴感觉障碍 C
最新回复
(
0
)