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  3. The collapse of the Earth’s magnetic field—which guards the planet and guide

The collapse of the Earth’s magnetic field—which guards the planet and guide

游客2025-04-21  28
问题     The collapse of the Earth’s magnetic field—which guards the planet and guides many of its creatures—appears to have started about 150 years ago, the New York Times reported last week.
    The field’s strength has decreased by 10 or 15 percent so far and this has increased the debate over whether it signals a reversal of the planet’s lines of magnetic force.
    During a reversal, the main field weakens, almost vanishes, and reappears with opposite polarity (极). The transition would take thousands of years. Once completed, compass needles that had pointed north would point south. A reversal could cause problems for both man and animals. Astronauts and satellites would have diffculties. Birds, fish and animals that rely on the magnetic field for navigation would find migration confusing. But experts links between past field reversals and species extinctions.
    Although a total transition may be hundreds or thousands of years away, the rapid decline in magnetic strength is already affecting satellites. Last month, the European Space Agency approved the world’s largest effort at tracking the field’s shifts. Now a group of satellites called Swarm is to monitor the collapsing field with far greater precision. " We want to get some idea of how this would evolve in the near future, just like people trying to predict the weather, " said Gauthier Hulot , a French geophysicist working on the satellite plan. "I’m personally quite convinced we should be able to work out the first predictions by the end of the mission. "
    No matter what the new findings, the public has no reason to panic. Even if a transition is coming on its way, it might take 2,000 years to mature. The last one took place 780,000 years ago, when early humans were learning how to make stone tools. Deep inside the Earth flow hot currents of melted iron. This mechanical energy creates electromagnet-ism. This process is known as the geophysical generator. In a car’s generator, the same principle turns mechanical energy into electricity.
    No one knows precisely why the field periodically reverses. But scientists say the responsibility probably lies with changes in the disorderly flows of melted iron, which they see as similar to the gases that make up the clouds of Jupiter. [br] According to the passage, the Earth’s magnetic field has______.
选项 A、misguided many a man and animals
B、begun to change to its opposite direction
C、caused the changes of the polarities
D、been weakening its strength for a long time
答案 B
解析 本题考查考生的理解能力。During a reversal，the main field weakens，almost vanishes，and reappears with opposite polarity．“在反向运转时，主要的磁场就会减弱，几乎彻底消失，甚至出现相反的磁极。”根据这句话可以知道，地球磁场开始向它的反方向改变，所以B符合题意。
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