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  3. A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it

A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it

游客2025-04-20  25
问题      A child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it 【C1】______ of a book, and, if a parent can produce 【C2】______  in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child, is an improvement on the printed text, so much the better.
     A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the 【C3】______ , one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often guilty of cruelty than those who had not. Aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses every child has and, 【C4】______  the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be Father a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are, I think, well-authenticated cases of children 【C5】______  dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises from the child having heard the story once. Familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear 【C6】______  the pleasure of a fear faced and mastered.
     There are also people who object to fairy stories on the grounds 【C7】______  they are not objectively true, that giants, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc., do not exist; and that, instead of indulging his fantasies 【C8】______  fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their case 【C9】______  sound, the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick 【C10】______  covering a telephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girl-friend. No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external world and no sane child has ever believed that it was. [br] 【C6】______
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解析 turn to为固定短语，意思为“把……变为……”。
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