首页
登录
职称英语
The collaboration among scientists, universities and industry is not new. Bo
The collaboration among scientists, universities and industry is not new. Bo
游客
2025-04-19
22
管理
问题
The collaboration among scientists, universities and industry is not new. Both the university administration and the industry play a role in developing the scientific knowledge in the academic environment. The university is usually responsible for obtaining patents and for licensing the rights for its professors’ inventions. The company, having licensed the product, must provide the considerable financial backing required for its development and marketing.
In the best of all possible worlds, the inventors, the university administrators and the company executives work as a well-oiled machine that creates a beneficial product and generates capital to support the academic lab, the scientist, the university and the company’s shareholders. In the real world, however, each of these component parts has its own agenda. The goal may not entirely overlap.
When a university stands to gain financially from the commercialization of one of its professors’ inventions, for example, the professor may hesitate, out of conflict-of-interest issues, to participate in the trials of the new product. Such a policy causes friction and frustration in the relationship between the university administration and the faculty members.
Universities themselves have faced the frustration of licensing their inventions to companies that have then sublicensed them to other firms for enormous fees. Because these "fees" can be disguised by a variety of accounting procedures, there is no way for the university or the inventor to participate in the profits of the sublicensing agreement. Thus, unless the invention becomes a product, the profits made by the company are not shared by the university or the inventor.
Meanwhile it is the company who writes the checks. Of the three parties involved, it compromises the least. As a rule, the company shows more concern over new ideas and new products which can be used to benefit itself and the public good as well.
So the scientist, the university and the industry find themselves on a three-way street where ideas from the academic laboratory move into the realm of application. Because the use of this highway has increased dramatically in recent years, traffic jams and collisions have been unavoidable. And, increasingly, basic research is diverted from its path. Inevitably, such sidetracking will slow the movement of basic science discoveries into technical products.
Preventing this slowdown requires some new rules of the road. Increased government funding for research is necessary to restore order by redirecting lab efforts back toward basic research—the well spring of all applied technologies.
The scientist and the university must cease regarding companies as money-providers with deep pockets and learn from the business world how economic realities are integrated into idealistic goals. And the company’s attitude that "the scientist has done the easy work" has to give way to adapting to a more inclusive approach that permits participation by the scientist and the university in deciding on the best road to development. Without these accommodations on all sides, the flow of idea into products will be slowed, and all parties, including society at large, will suffer from the gridlock. [br] Which of the following is the best topic of the text?
选项
A、The relationship among universities, scientists and industry.
B、The means to apply new ideas to the real world.
C、The problems in the cooperation among scientists, universities and industry.
D、The role of universities and industry in developing scientific knowledge.
答案
C
解析
本文首先提到了科学家、大学和企业界之间的合作并不是新鲜事。后面又讲述了这三者之间的各种矛盾,并且还说要想解决这些矛盾,就必须转变三者的态度。据此可知,本文最佳的题目是“科学家、大学及企业三者的合作问题”,因此C项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4044362.html
相关试题推荐
TheGreek’sloftyattitudetowardscientificresearchandthescientists’co
TheGreek’sloftyattitudetowardscientificresearchandthescientists’co
Themultibillion-dollarfitnessindustry______fatprofitsfromourhungertol
Asskiesarefilledwithmillionsofmigratingbirds,Europeanscientistssayth
Scientistsresearchinghypnosishaveuncoveredevidencethatcounterssomeo
Scientistsresearchinghypnosishaveuncoveredevidencethatcounterssomeo
Scientistswillhaveto______newmethodsofincreasingtheworld’sfoodsupplyi
Awayfromtheirprofession,scientistsareinherentlynomorehonestor_____than
Inthepast,Americancollegesanduniversitieswerecreatedtoserveadual
Inthepast,Americancollegesanduniversitieswerecreatedtoserveadual
随机试题
Don’tletvacationsorbusinesstravelsideline(使退出)yourexerciseroutine.
经现场观测,完成10m3某分项工程需消耗某种材料1.76m3,其中损耗量0.05
导游服务的“原料”是指( )。A.史地文化知识 B.语言知识 C.政策法规
可引药入肝经的辅料是A米 B酒 C蜂蜜 D盐 E醋
房地产经纪人最重要的工作是()。A.信息传播 B.销售策略 C.客户积累
患者男,54岁。因上腹部钝痛,伴腹胀,反酸,嗳气半年,近期出现消瘦,乏力入院。护
城乡规划主管部门依法核发建设用地规划许可证、建设工程规划许可证、乡村建设规划许可
工资支付无论采取哪种形式,都应做到()。A.与员工的岗位职责挂钩 B.与工作业
孟子说:“征于色,发于声,而后喻。”这是在强调教师的() A.道德素养B.
导墙的作用描述错误的是()。A.作为测量的基准 B.作为重物的支承 C
最新回复
(
0
)