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  3. （复旦大学2009年试题） Here is a great irony of 21st-century global public health; Wh

（复旦大学2009年试题） Here is a great irony of 21st-century global public health; Wh

游客2025-04-15  22
问题 （复旦大学2009年试题）
    Here is a great irony of 21st-century global public health; While many hundreds of millions of people lack adequate food as a result of economic inequities, political corruption, or warfare, many hundreds of millions【1】are overweight to the point of increased risk for diet-related chronic diseases. Obesity is a worldwide phenomenon, affecting children as well as adults and forcing all but the poorest countries to divert scarce resources【2】from food security to take care of people with preventable heart disease and diabetes.
    To reverse the obesity epidemic, we must address fundamental causes. Overweight comes from consuming more food energy than【3】expended in activity. The cause of this imbalance also is ironic: improved prosperity. People use extra income to eat more and be less active. Market economies encourage this. They turn people with expendable income into consumers of aggressively marketed foods that are high in energy but low in【4】value, and of cars, television sets, and computers that promote sedentary behavior. Gaining weight is good for business. Food is particularly big business because everyone eats.
    Moreover, food is so overproduced that many countries, especially the rich ones, have far more than they need—-【5】irony. In the United States, to take an extreme example, most adults—of all ages, incomes, educational levels, and census categories—are overweight. The U. S. food supply provides 3,800 kilocalories per person per day, nearly twice as much as required by many adults. Overabundant food forces companies to compete【6】sales through advertising, health claims, new products, larger portions, and campaigns【7】toward children. Food marketing promotes weight gain. Indeed, it is difficult to think【8】any major industry that might benefit if people ate less food; certainly【9】the agriculture, food product, grocery, restaurant, diet, or drug industries. All flourish when people eat more, and all employ armies of lobbyists to discourage governments from doing anything to inhibit【10】. [br] 【7】
选项
答案 directed
解析 句意是，过多的食物使各大公司为销售而进行竞争。公司采用的手段有：广告、健康声明、新产品的推出、份额的加大和针对孩子的活动。分析句型可知，此处应用过去分词作后置定语，修饰前面的campaigns，direct toward表示以……为目标。所以正确答案是directed。
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