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  3. Mycenae strands on a hill skirted by two deep ravines. The site is a natural

Mycenae strands on a hill skirted by two deep ravines. The site is a natural

游客2025-04-15  22
问题     Mycenae strands on a hill skirted by two deep ravines. The site is a natural strong point, dominating the plain or Argos. It was first occupied about 3000 B.C. and a new settlement was made about 2000 B.C., which is generally believed to be the time when Greek speakers arrived in Greece. There is clear evidence for a sudden increase in the important and prosperity of this settlement about 1600 B.C., two grave circles have been found, one inside the later walls and containing six shaft graves, excavated by Schliemann in the 1870’s, the other rather earlier in date,(outside the walls, discovered in 1950. These graves contained a mass of gold and other precious objects of great beauty, including import from Minoan Crete and Egypt.
    The power and wealth of Mycenae increased rapidly. There was soon a uniform culture in mainland Greece, stretching from Thessaly in the north to the south of the Peloponnesus, with palaces at Thebes, Athens, Mycenae, Tiryns, and Pylos and probably at other sites not yet discovered. Although the palaces were the administrative centers of separate kingdoms, it seem likely that Mycenae was the leading, if not the dominated, kingdom. From 1500 B.C., the kings of Mycenae were buried in massive stone tombs outside the walls, of which the largest, the so-caller Treasury of Atreus, is a magnificent architectural achievement. About 1450 B.C. the Achaeans, as the Greeks of the Mycenaean period were called, invaded Crete and destroyed all the Minoan palaces except Knossos, which they occupied. Succeeding to and made settlements on the islands and in Asia Minor. The zenith of Mycenaean power and prosperity was in the early thirteenth century; in this period were built the walls, some of which still stand, and the lion gate, by about 1250 B.C., when the defenses were renewed and improved, there is evidence of destruction outside the walls. Trade declined; a period of upheaval and deterioration had begun. Tile Trojan War is thought to have occurred about this time. The traditional date for the fall of Troy is 1184 B.C., but the American archaeologist Blegen, who made the most complete recent excavations and found clear evidence of a prolonged siege, date the destruction of Troy to about 1240 B.C.. It looks as though the Trojan expedition was the last united effort of the Achaeans.
    Mycenae was subjected to three successive attacks in the following years. In the first, the houses outside the walls were destroyed; in the second, the citadel was sacked; in the third, it was finally destroyed and not reoccupied. The other mainland palaces were all sacked around 1200 B.C., presumably by bands of invading Dorian. [br] According to the passage, did the Mycenaeans engage in international trade? If yes, with whom?
选项 A、No, the Mycenaeans were mainly engages in the conquest of states within the Peloponnesus and surrounding islands.
B、Yes, they were. There was evidence of international trade since among grave goods there were found imports from both Crete and North Africa
C、No, although there was a great deal of gold found in the shaft graves at Mycaenae in the 1870’s and later in the 1950’s, there was no evidence that international trade had occurred.
D、Both A and C
答案 B
解析 本题为事实分析题。依据文章第一段“These graves contained a mass of gold andother precious objects of great beauty,including import from Minoan Crete and Egypt．”可知，墓葬中有大量来自克里特岛和埃及的进口物品。由此可以推测，迈锡尼人与克里特岛和埃及有国际贸易往来。因此，B选项正确。
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