首页
登录
职称英语
According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a perso
According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a perso
游客
2025-04-06
30
管理
问题
According to sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of social group in the United States. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship group, one or more persons may gradually emerge as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.
Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any category of "natural leaders". It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.
Furthermore, although it is commonly supposed that social groups have a single leader, research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to "get things done". Expressive leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective well-being of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group menbers and attempting to minimize tension and conflict among them. Group members expect expressive leaders to maintain stable relationships within the group and provide support to individual members.
Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may discipline group members who inhibit attainment of the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties or is subjected to discipline, are quick to lighten a serious moment with humor, and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the differences in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in promoting group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect. [br] In mentioning "natural leaders" in paragraph two, the author is making the point that
选项
A、few people qualify as "natural leaders".
B、there is no proof that "natural leaders" exist.
C、natural leaders are easily accepted by the members of a social group.
D、natural leaders share a similar set of characteristics.
答案
B
解析
信息推断题。文中第二段“research failed to produce consistent evidence that there is any categoryof‘natural leader’”指出研究发现那些领导人没有一致的证据表明他们是“自然性的领导人”。之后进一步说明“there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common”即没有所有领导人共同的所谓领导品质的证据。以上信息与选项B中提及的no proof that“natural leader exists”一致。故答案为B。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4029046.html
相关试题推荐
Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwayfromothersofth
Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwayfromothersofth
Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwayfromothersofth
Exceptionalchildrenaredifferentinsomesignificantwayfromothersofth
TheUnitedStatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces.Usuallythey
TheUnitedStatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces.Usuallythey
TheUnitedStatesisacountrymadeupofmanydifferentraces.Usuallythey
AccordingtoBT’sfuturologist,IanPearson,theseareamongthedevelopment
AccordingtoBT’sfuturologist,IanPearson,theseareamongthedevelopment
AccordingtoBT’sfuturologist,IanPearson,theseareamongthedevelopment
随机试题
Natural-gasVehiclesKermittheFrogonc
[originaltext]W:IsLeeroneofyourformerclassmates?M:No,hewasalreadyase
【教学过程】 (一)创设情境,导入新课 教师多媒体播放医院中新生儿的图片以及婴儿的第一声啼哭的音频,提出问题:我们是从哪里来的?引出本课课题内容。
2020年第二季度,全国货物周转量约比第一季度增长了:A.40% B.51
共用题干 A公司是一家专营某种小型电机的民营企业,公司经理认为,他们的顾客对商
非上市公司在股份挂牌前应与证券登记结算机构签订证券登记服务协议,办理全部或部分股
下列关于药物被动转运的叙述哪一条是错误的A.药物从浓度高侧向低侧扩散 B.不消
某市一炼油厂生产液态油料,原料为煤焦油。煤焦油是一种黏稠状的黑褐色液体,密度比水
(2018年真题)关于财产保险合同的说法,正确的是()。A.保险合同不可以转
选择性遗忘常见于A.脑外伤 B.癔症 C.精神分裂症 D.情感性精神障碍
最新回复
(
0
)