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Walls and wall building have played a very important role in Chinese culture

游客2025-04-06  29
问题     Walls and wall building have played a very important role in Chinese culture. These people, from the dim mists of prehistory have been wall-conscious; from the Neolithic period—when ramparts of pounded earth were used—10 the Communist Revolution, walls were an essential part of any village. Not only towns and villages, the houses and the temples within them were somehow walled, and the houses also had no windows overlooking the street, thus giving the feeling of wandering around a huge maze. The name for "city" in Chinese means wall, and over these walled cities, villages, houses and temples presides the god of walls and mounts, whose duties were, and still are, to protect and be responsible for the welfare of the inhabitants. Thus a great and extremely laborious task such as constructing a wall, which was supposed to run through the country, must not have seemed such an absurdity.
    However, it is indeed a commom mistake to perceive the great wall as a single architectural structure, and it would also be erroneous to assume that it was built during a single dynasty. For the building of the wall spanned the various dynasties, and each of these dynasties somehow contributed to the reburbishing and the construction of a wall, whose foundations had been laid many centuries ago. It was during the fourth and third century B. C. that each warring state started building walls to protect their kingdoms , both against one another and against the northern nomads. Especially three of these states: the Qin, the Zhao and the Yan, corresponding respectively to the modern provinces of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Hebei, over and above building walls that surrounded their kindoms, also laid the foundations on which Qin Shih Huang Di would build his first continuous Great Wall.
    The role that the Great Wall played in the growth of Chinese economy was an important one. Throughout the centuries many settlements were established along the new border. The garrison troops were instructed to reclaim wasteland and to plant crops on it, roads and canals were built, to mention just a few of the works carried out. All these undertakings greatly helped to increase the country’s trade and cultural exchanges with many remote areas and also with the southern, central and western parts of Asia—the formation of the Silk Route. Builders, garrisons, artisans, farmers and peasants left behind a trail of objects, including inscribed tablets, household articles, and written work, which have become extremely valuable archaeological evidence to the study of defense institutions of the Great Wall and the everyday life of these people who lived and died along the wall. [br] The Great Wall of China______ .
选项 A、used existing foundations
B、was built in a single dynasty
C、was built by the Qin, the Zhao and the Yan
D、was refurbished in the fourth and third centuries B.C.
答案 A
解析 中国的长城用的是现存的地基。从第二段第二句可以看出，长城的地基多年以前就已经打好，故选A。从第二段第一句可以看出，认为长城是在某一个朝代修建的观点是错误的，因此，B应排除；C(长城是由秦国、赵国和燕国修建的。)也不对，根据第二段第三句，公元前4世纪至公元前3世纪，包括秦国、赵国和燕国在内的所有战国开始修筑长城，而C的意思是秦国、赵国和燕国已修好了长城，所以是错误的。D(中国长城是在公元前4世纪至公元前3世纪翻新的。)不对，战国时期长城并没有修好，何谈翻新?
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