2. 职称英语
  3. It has long been recognized that the immigrant generation often arrives in a

It has long been recognized that the immigrant generation often arrives in a

游客2025-04-06  2
问题     It has long been recognized that the immigrant generation often arrives in a new land as pioneers with dreams of making a better life for themselves as well as for their children. The objectives of the first generation are relatively clear:get a job, earn money, learn a new language, if possible, offer an education to the children, and in general improve their lot in life. Family reunification is another powerful motive driving many new arrivals. Some new immigrants, perhaps more than the current anti-immigration lobby may realize, often wish eventually to return home to settle there once financial considerations allow it.
    The obvious difficulties that most immigrants face include language inadequacies, a general unfamiliarity with the customs and expectations of the new country(what anthropologists refer to as "cultural discontinuities"), limited economic opportunities, poor housing conditions, discrimination, xenophobia, and what psychologists term the "stresses of acculturation".
    Despite these obstacles, in many cases, immigrants experience their lot as being better than it was in their country of origin. Because of a perception of relative material improvement, many immigrants may fail to internalize the anti-immigrant negative attitudes of the host country toward them, maintaining their country of origin as a point of reference. In addition, recent immigrants commonly view and experience their current lot not in terms of the ideals and expectations of the majority society but rather in terms of the ideals and expectations of the "old culture".
    This is part of an interesting orientation that has been termed "the immigrant’s dual frame of reference". The Suarez-Orozcos have noticed immigrants are constantly comparing and contrasting their current lot in the host society against their experiences, opportunities, and expectations in the country of origin. During the earliest phases of immigration, the new arrivals may come to realize the new country as a land of unlimited opportunities, concentrating on the negative aspects of life in the land left behind. The second generation, in contrast, cannot compare their own current experiences to previous experiences of relative deprivation. Instead, their standard of assessment may be the host culture’s affluent ideals(often represented in television and films)which they are likely to find themselves lacking. From the second generation’s perspective, their lot in life has decidedly not improved.
    Researchers have suggested that socio-cultural and socio-economic factors, as well as overcrowded and poorly staffed schools, seem to lead to many accultural immigrant students eventually to develop ambivalent attitudes toward schools and the value of education. In addition, we argue, ongoing discrimination and disparagement specially targeted to "unwanted" new immigrants is particularly destructive. Last, when learning and success in an institution of the dominant culture—that is, the school—come to be experienced as an act of ethnic betrayal, signifying a wish to "be white", learning may become a problem to some ethnic and immigrant minority students. As a consequence, a high drop-out rate continues to be a severe problem in some communities of minority immigrant children. [br] It can be inferred that the attitude of some new immigrants towards their motherland is mainly______.
选项 A、detesting
B、worried
C、nostalgic
D、nonchalant
答案 C
解析 可以推断，一些新的移民对祖国的态度主要是怀旧。根据第一段最后两句，家庭团聚是驱使许多刚到的移民的巨大动机。一些新的移民往往希望，只要经济允许，他们最终会回到家乡定居。这是目前反对移民的游说团始料不及的。
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