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  3. In the view of the primatologist Sarah Blaffer Hrdy, the extraordinary social

In the view of the primatologist Sarah Blaffer Hrdy, the extraordinary social

游客2025-03-30  34
问题    In the view of the primatologist Sarah Blaffer Hrdy, the extraordinary social skills are at the heart of what makes us humans. Through its ability to secure the attentive care not just of its mother but of many others, a baby promotes many of the behaviors and emotions that we prize in ourselves and that often distinguish us from other animals, including a willingness to share, to cooperate with strangers, to relax one’s guard.
   As Dr. Hrdy argues in her latest book Mothers and Others: The Evolutionary Origins of Mutual Understanding, human babies are so dependent on their elders for such a long time that humanity would never have made it without a break from the great ape model of child-rearing. Chimpanzee and gorilla mothers are capable of rearing offspring pretty much through their own powers, but human mothers are not.
   Our capacity to cooperate in groups, to empathize with others and to wonder what others are thinking and feeling—all these traits, Dr. Hrdy argues, probably arose in response to the selective pressures of being in a cooperatively breeding social group, and the need to trust and rely on others and be deemed trustworthy and reliable in turn. Dr. Hrdy points out that mother chimpanzees and gorillas jealously hold on to their infants for the first six months or more of life. Other females may express real interest in the newborn, but the mother does not let go. By contrast, human mothers in virtually every culture studied allow others to hold their babies from birth onward, to a greater or lesser extent depending on tradition.
   Dr. Hrdy wrote her book in part to counter what she sees as the reigning dogma among evolutionary scholars that humans evolved their extreme sociality and cooperative behavior to better compete with other humans. "I’m not comfortable accepting this idea that the origins of hypersociality can be found in warfare, or that in-group amity arose in the interest of out-group enmity, " she said in a telephone interview. [br] In her book, Dr. Hrdy shows that______.
选项 A、humans develop their ability just to defeat other animals
B、humans’ cooperative behavior is not to compete with others
C、humans can promote their social ability in warfare
D、humans cooperate for the sake of out-group enmity
答案 B
解析 根据最后一段中的“Dr．Hrdy wrote her book in part to counter what she sees as the reigning dogma among evolutionary scholars that humans evolved their extreme sociality and cooperative behavior to better compete with other humans．”可知，赫尔迪博士撰写该书的部分原因是为了反驳在进化论学者当中盛行的一种教条，即：人类进化出极端的社会性和合作行为，是为了更好地与其他人竞争。据此可知，赫尔迪博士认为，人类进化出社会性和合作行为不是为了与他人竞争。B项正确。
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