　　If policymakers hope to make faster progress in improving economic performanc

游客2025-01-09 49

问题　　If policymakers hope to make faster progress in
improving economic performance, reducing poverty, and slowing　　　  　【M1】_________
population growth, they will have to go much farther in　　　　　　【M2】_________
their efforts to involve women in economic development.
　　Women really contribute more in economic terms than is　　　　　　【M3】_________
usually recognized. They account for over half the food
produced in developing world, even more in Africa; they　　　　　　　【M4】_________
constitute one fourth of the developing world’s industrial labor
force; they carry the main responsibility for childcare and
household chores; they head one fourth and more of the families　　　　【M5】_________
in many developing nations; and they usually fetch most of
the household’s water and fuelwood.
　　Yet their contribution goes drastically underestimated,
partly because women’s job often "does not count," and. partly　　　【M6】_________
because much of it is home-based. Unpriced, it is hard to value,
and being often immediately consumed, it quickly ceases to be
visible. Studies in Nepal and the Philippines suggest that when
the production of rural women is valued properly, in average　　　　【M7】_________
they actually contribute about one half the family’s income.　　　　　【M8】_________
　　Women could contribute far more to their own welfare and
to the economy if their opportunities to do were not so confined.    【M9】_________
The poor, male or female, suffer from limited access to
education and health care, information and technology, credit
and resources, even markets. But women also face additional
gender-related difficulties rooted in tradition—sometimes
codified into law and policy—and biology (the demands of
multiple pregnancies and the need to care for children). While
men normally go into the "outside" world, women often
lack in not only the chance to move "outside," but the resources　　  【M10】_________
to function at full effectiveness "inside"—at home. [br] 【M5】

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