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  3. The liberal view of democratic citizenship that developed in the 17th and 18t

The liberal view of democratic citizenship that developed in the 17th and 18t

游客2024-12-01  44
问题    The liberal view of democratic citizenship that developed in the 17th and 18th centuries was fundamentally different from that of the classical Greeks. The pursuit of private interests with as little interference as possible from government was seen as the road to human happiness and progress rather than the public obligations and involvement in the collective community that were emphasized by the Greeks. Freedom was to be realized by limiting the scope of governmental activity and political obligation and not through immersion in the collective life of the polls. The basic role of the citizen was to select governmental leaders and keep the powers and scope of public authority in check. On the liberal view, the rights of citizens against the state were the focus of special emphasis.
   Over time, the liberal democratic notion of citizenship developed in two directions. First, there was a movement to increase the proportion of members of society who were eligible to participate as citizens--especially through extending the right of suffrage--and to ensure the basic political equality of all. Second, there was a broadening of the legitimate activities of government and a use of governmental power to redress imbalances in social and economic life. Political citizenship became an instrument through which groups and classes with sufficient numbers of votes could use the state power to enhance their social and economic well-being.
   Within the general liberal view of democratic citizenship, tensions have developed over the degree to which government can and should be used as an instrument for promoting happiness and well-being. Political philosopher Martin Diamond has categorized two views of democracy as follows. On the one hand, there is the "libertarian" perspective that stresses the private pursuit of happiness and emphasizes the "task of the government to uplift and aid the common man against the malefactors of great wealth." The tensions between these two views are very evident today. Taxpayer revolts and calls for smaller government and less government regulation clash with demands for greater government involvement in the economic marketplace and the social sphere. [br] According to the passage, all of the following are characteristics of the liberal idea of government that would distinguish the liberal idea of government EXCEPT______.
选项 A、the emphasis on the rights of private citizens
B、the activities government may legitimately pursue
C、the obligation of citizens to participate in government
D、the size of the geographical area controlled by a government
答案 D
解析 这是一道细节题。A，B，C所含的内容都可在文章中找到，但是D的内容没有。A的内容在文章的开头就被提及，B与C的相关内容在第一段的末了也有体现，因此D是正确的答案。
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