2. 职称英语
  3. [img]2016m3x/ct_eyyjsbz2013j_eyyjsbreadd_0118_20163[/img] Work may sometimes

[img]2016m3x/ct_eyyjsbz2013j_eyyjsbreadd_0118_20163[/img] Work may sometimes

游客2024-08-10  30
问题
    Work may sometimes seem like hell, but when people haven’t got it, they miss it, they want it and perhaps they even need it. Everyone wants to be valued and it seems to me that a salary is proof that your matter.
    I’ve been doing some informal research on this topic and some jobs are better than others when it comes to how valuable they are to us. Housework and voluntary work tend to be seen as non-jobs. In this work-centred culture of ours, a "proper job" means paid employment. Being paid for a job is better for our of course, people would also prefer work to be useful and interesting, as well as paid. But you don’t have to enjoy your job to get psychological benefits from it. According to some experts, achieving unenjoyably tasks during our work actually contributes to a sense of well-being.(74)The obligation to be in a particular place at a particular time, working as part of a team towards a common goal, gives us a sense of structure and purpose that people find difficult to impose on themselves. The workplace has also taken over from the community as the place of human contact. Work often functions, as a social club, an information network, an informal dating agency and a marriage bureau.
    Genuine workaholics are uncommon, but I think that many people are job addicts without realising it. When people can’t work for whatever reason, they show similar signs to real addicts who are deprived of their "fix"—they become irritable and lethargic. Among newly retired men. In particular, death rates increase significantly in the first six months after leaving employment. For most of their lives, their personality, self-esteem and status have been defined by work: without it, research shows that they lose their appetite for life. I don’t think that life was always so driven by employment, however.(75)Work in the pre-industrial age was task-oriented, not time-structured, and focused not on money but on the tasks necessary for survival. Whole communities worked together so there was less division between work and "free time". The Industrial Revolution radically changed how people worked. Suddenly, work was no longer structured by seasons, but by the clock. From that point on, work became separated from the rest of life, and began to provide money rather than food and goods.

    More recently, the revolution in Information Technology has again changed the nature of work and employment. The workplace itself may become redundant. Apparently, 3.5 million employees in the UK now work from home, keeping in touch via email and phone. Many employers say that working "remotely" improves productivity, as workers are happier and waste less time commuting. There are disadvantages too, however, as workers lose touch with the workplace and the people there. It’s clear to me that people will have to accept that the nature of work has changed and will continue to do so. After all, we managed to accept the nine-to-five working day and there is no reason why we can’t accept a different way of working, too.  [br] Translate the underlined sentences of the passage into Chinese. Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet.
选项
答案 工业时代以前，工作是任务导向型的而不是时间结构型的，其重点不是钱，而是生存之必需。
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