首页
登录
职称英语
Parents of wailing (哀号) babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee
Parents of wailing (哀号) babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee
游客
2024-06-03
53
管理
问题
Parents of wailing (哀号) babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle larvae tap their parents’ legs. Throughout the animal kingdom, babies know how to get their parents’ attention. Exactly why evolution has produced all this fussing, squawking and tapping is a question many biologists are trying to answer.
Someday, that answer may shed some light on the mystery of crying in human babies. "It may point researchers in the right direction to find the causes of excessive crying," said Joseph Soltis, a bioacoustics expert at Disney’s Animal Kingdom in Lake Buena Vista, Florida. Soltis published an article on the evolution of crying in the current issue of Behavioral and Brain Sciences.
Young animals vary in how much they cry, squawk or otherwise communicate with their parents, and studies with mice, beetles and monkeys show that this variation is partly based on genes. Some level of crying in humans, of course, is based on gas pains and messy diapers. But as for the genetic contribution, you might expect that natural selection would favor genes for noisier children, since they would get more attention.
Before long, however, this sort of deception may be ruinous. If the signals of offspring became totally unreliable, parents would no longer benefit from paying attention. Some evolutionary biologists have proposed that natural selection should therefore favor so-called honest advertisements. Some biologists have speculated that these honest advertisements may not just tell a parent which offspring are hungry. They might also show their parent that they are healthy and vigorous and therefore worth some extra investment. The babies of monkeys cry out to their mothers and tend to cry even more around the time their mothers wean (断奶) them. The mothers, in response, begin to ignore most of their babies’ distress calls, since most turn out to be false alarms. "Initially, mothers respond any time an infant cries," said Dario Maestripieri, a primatologist at the University of Chicago. "But as the cries increase, they respond less and less. They become more skeptical. So infants start crying less. So they go through these cycles, adjusting their responses."
Kim Bard, a primatologist at the University of Plymouth in England, has spent more than a decade observing chimpanzee babies. "Chimps can cry for a long time if something terrible is happening to them, but when you pick them up, they stop," Bard said. "I’ve never seen any chimpanzees in the first three months of life be inconsolable."
Maestripieri and other researchers say these evolutionary forces may have also shaped the cries of human babies. "All primate infants cry," Maestripieri said. "It’s a very conserved behavior. It’s not something humans have evolved on their own." [br] What is implied in Paragraph 4?
选项
A、Children with truthful cry may eventually draw their mothers’ attention.
B、Noisy infants are preferred by their mothers for their health and strength.
C、Mothers would rather nurse the obedient babies.
D、Mothers tend to ignore the deceitful cry.
答案
A
解析
本题属推理题,问“第四段暗含了什么意思”。作者在本段提到“Before long, however, this sort of deception may be ruinous. If the signals of offspring became totally unreliable, parents would no longer benefit from paying attention. Some evolutionary biologists have proposed that natural selection should therefore favor so-called honest advertisements.”也就是说当父母发现一些嗷叫有欺骗性时,后果很惨。当父母意识到孩子在发假信号时,他们就不再关注这些信号了。有的进化生物学家认为自然选择可能因此会有利于那些发出真实信号的孩子。在这段的最后一句,作者还提到“The mothers, in response, begin to ignore most of their babies’ distress calls, since most turn out to be false alarms.”即母亲开始忽略大部分孩子的嚎叫,既然它们绝大多数是假叫,可以从中推出,母亲会关注那些发真实信号的孩子。因此,A项“发真实信号的孩子可能会最终赢得母毒的关注”正确。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3618012.html
相关试题推荐
Parentsofwailing(哀号)babies,takecomfort:Youarenotalone.Chimpanzee
Parentsofwailing(哀号)babies,takecomfort:Youarenotalone.Chimpanzee
Parentsofwailing(哀号)babies,takecomfort:Youarenotalone.Chimpanzee
Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.Butanincreasingnumb
Asawisemanoncesaid,weareallultimatelyalone.Butanincreasingnumb
Aslongasherparentscanremember,13-year-oldKatieHarthasbeentalking
Aslongasherparentscanremember,13-year-oldKatieHarthasbeentalking
Aslongasherparentscanremember,13-year-oldKatieHarthasbeentalking
[originaltext]Thefamilyischanging.Inthepast,grandparents,parents,a
[originaltext]Thefamilyischanging.Inthepast,grandparents,parents,a
随机试题
Hiseyeswerefound______onthepicture.A、fixedB、fixingC、tofixD、tobefixe
一些学者担心年轻人过分崇尚西方节日,而对中国传统节日的热情逐渐降温。Somescholarsfearthatyoungpeopleadorewes
Obesityisthesinglegreatestcauseofearlydeathsaftersmoking.Itresul
材料强度测定值分别为21.0、23.4、19.2、19.6、20.4、
坝身泄水孔,若采用无压孔,则无压孔()组成。A.由有压段 B.由有压段和无
维生素有多种命名方法,下列两种命名法不一致的是( )。A.维生素A—视黄醇
某工程项目基础工程和主体工程均可分为三段组织流水作业,其流水节拍分别为3周、3周
中国人王强和美国人吉姆发生民事争议,王强在北京市海淀区法院起诉吉姆,下列说法错误
甲卷烟厂为增值税一般纳税人,2019年10月销售M型卷烟1000标准条,
18岁未婚女孩,两个月来感觉消瘦、乏力,一个月来发现腹部增大迅速,原来的裤子全穿
最新回复
(
0
)