When considering risk factors associated with serious chronic diseases, we of

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问题 When considering risk factors associated with serious chronic diseases, we often think about health indicators such as cholesterol, blood pressure, and body weight. But poor diet and physical inactivity also each increase the risk of heart disease and have a role to play in the development of some cancers. Perhaps worse, the【C1】______effects of an unhealthy diet and insufficient exercise are not limited to your body. Recent research has also shown that【C2】______in a high-fat and high-sugar diet may have negative effects on your brain, causing learning and memory【C3】______.
Studies have found obesity is associated with impairments in cognitive functioning, as【C4】______by a range of learning and memory tests, such as the ability to remember a list of words presented some minutes or hours earlier. There is also a growing body of evidence that diet-induced cognitive impairments can emerge【C5】______—within weeks or even days. For example, one study found healthy adults【C6】______to a high-fat diet for five days showed impaired attention, memory, and mood compared with a low-fat diet control group. Another study also found eating a high-fat and high-sugar breakfast each day for as little as four days resulted in problems with learning and memory【C7】______to those observed in overweight and obese individuals.
Body weight was not hugely different between the groups eating a healthy diet and those on high fat and sugar diets. So this shows negative【C8】______of poor dietary intake can occur even when body weight has not changed【C9】______Thus, body weight is not always the best indicator of health and a thin person still needs to eat well and exercise【C10】______.
A) assessed F) designated K) loopholes
B) assigned G) detrimental D rapidly
C) consequences H) digestion M) redundant
D) conspicuously I) excelling N) regularly
E) deficits J) indulging O) similar [br] 【C4】

选项

答案 A

解析 [语法判断]空格后是表示被动的介词by，因此推断空格处应填入动词的过去分词形式，其逻辑主语为其后的tests。[语义判断]在备选动词过去分词中，assessed“评价，评定”可以与逻辑主语tests搭配，表示通过一系列的学习和记忆测试来评估，由此确定A)assessed为本题答案。另外两个动词过去分词B)assigned“分派，指派”和F)designated“任命，选定”与上下文语义不符，均可排除。

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