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[originaltext] In America, most researchers concede that boys and girls are
[originaltext] In America, most researchers concede that boys and girls are
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2024-03-07
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In America, most researchers concede that boys and girls are brought up in different ways, taught different skills and rewarded for different acts. Women, it is agreed, excel at certain tasks, men at others. There is little argument that some personality traits appear more dominant in one sex than in the other.
All of this notwithstanding, gender differences are very much in the media these days. Since the rise of the women’s movement, gender role behavior has come under closer scrutiny. How has this affected friendship? How do the sexes differ in their friendship relations? Most preteen children have a best friend who is usually someone of the same sex and similar age. Both sexes share an essentially positive recollection of these childhood friendships. They do not differ in this respect.
However, the type of play engaged in during these early friendships is telling of the difference to come. Boys tend to form play groups that are competitive in nature. Girls’ groups more frequently revolve around cooperative enterprises. Thus at an early age, boys become concerned with trying hard and winning, while girls, by contrast, play house and school, engaging in roles that require complementary support. Speaking of their childhood, men recall being highly responsive to and aware of the gender role opinions of other boys. Girls in preteen years appear to be less susceptible to gender role pressure. It is not until the dating years that women report being concerned with feminine behavior. Males, for the most part, are responsive to the suggestion that their behavior is unmanly at almost any age.
These early attitudes reinforced by social conditioning continue to play an active part in the friendships of both sexes during adolescence. This is a period when the majority of males once again report a close alliance with same sex friends. Now, however, with heightened intensity, considerable energy is devoted to competing for position, and a definite undercurrent of competition permeates the relationship.
Although in dissimilar fashion, females share equally fragile relationships at this age. For them, the bond of loyalty extends only to the line of romantic involvement. This is most apt to be the case in late adolescence when dating and relationships with boys take sharp precedence over sisterhood. Actually, dating dilutes the intensity of same sex friendships for men also. For the majority of us, the moment we begin to date seriously, there’s a competition between romance and friendship.
16. What does the speaker say about most preteen children?
17. What do most males devote much of their energy to during adolescence?
18. What do children do when they reach late adolescence?
选项
A、They are increasingly aware of gender differences.
B、They engage themselves in positive recollection.
C、They begin to see the importance of friendship.
D、They make friends with peers of the same sex.
答案
D
解析
在讲话前半部分,讲话者便提到了性别差异对友谊的影响。在青春期前,大多数孩子都有一个最好的朋友,而且这个朋友通常是和自己性别相同、年龄相仿的,由此很容易得出正确答案为D。讲话中提到青春期前的男孩对其他男孩的性别角色观点有强烈的反应和意识,而同年龄段的女孩则没有,但是讲话中并未提及青春期前的孩子对性别差异有何认识,故排除选项A。讲话者提到,两性对这些童年友谊的回忆都是积极的,并未提到他们会让自己陷入那些回忆,故排除选项B。讲话中并未提到青春期前的孩子们对友谊重要性的认识,故排除选项C。
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