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  3. Albert Einstein may have made the discoveries that led to nuclear and solar powe

Albert Einstein may have made the discoveries that led to nuclear and solar powe

游客2024-02-14  26
问题 Albert Einstein may have made the discoveries that led to nuclear and solar power, lasers and even a physical description of space and time, but Sir Isaac Newton had a greater impact on science and mankind, according to a poll.
Newton, the 17th-century English scientist most famous for describing the laws of gravity and motion, beat Einstein in two polls conducted by distinguished London-based scientific academy, the Royal Society.
More than 1,300 members of the public and 345 Royal Society scientists were asked separately which famous scientist made a bigger overall contribution to science and which made a bigger positive contribution to humankind.
Newton was the winner on all counts, though he beat the German-born Einstein by only 0.2 of a percentage point (50. 1 percent to 49. 9 percent) in the public poll on who made the bigger contribution to mankind. The margin was greater among scientists: 60.9 percent for Newton and 39. 1 percent for Einstein.
The results were announced ahead of the "Einstein vs. Newton" debate, a public lecture at the Royal Society on Wednesday evening. "Many people would say that comparing Newton and Einstein is like comparing apples and oranges, but what really matters is that people are appreciating the huge amount that both these physicists achieved, and that their impact on the world stretched far beyond the laboratory," said Royal Society president Lord Peter May.
Pro-Newton scientists argue he led the transition from an era of superstition and dogma (教条、宗教) to the modern scientific method. His greatest work, the "Principia Mathematica", showed that gravity was a universal force that applied to all objects in the universe, finally ruling out the belief that the laws of motion were different for objects on Earth and in the heavens.
Einstein’s supporters point out that his celebrated theory of relativity disproved Newton’s beliefs on space and time and led to theories about the creation of the universe, black holes and parallel universes. He also proved mathematically that atoms exist and that light is made of particles called photons (光子), setting the theoretical foundations for nuclear bombs and solar power.
选项 A、Pro-Newton
B、skeptical
C、Pro-Einstein
D、objective
答案 D
解析 本题问“作者对两位科学家的态度是怎样的?”文章陈述发英国皇家学会为评价谁的影响意义更重大而策划的两次民意测验的过程、结果，并分别对各自支持者的观点作出陈述。自始至终作者都没有表明个人的观点和看法，陈述的语气是客观的。所以[D]“客观的”正确。A、B、C三项均与文中表述的态度不一致。[A]“支持牛顿的”。[B]“支持爱因斯坦的”。[C]“怀疑的”。
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