首页
登录
职称英语
The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage. After reading
The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage. After reading
游客
2024-01-13
56
管理
问题
The questions in this group are based on the content of a passage. After reading the passage, choose the best answer to each question. Answer all questions following the passage on the basis of what is
stated
or
implied
in the passage.
Although hard statistics are difficult to come by, there is substantial anecdotal evidence that use of performance-enhancing drugs, or doping, is rampant in professional sports. Of perhaps greater significance to society are the estimated 1.5 million amateur athletes who use steroids, either to improve their appearance or to emulate the performance of their favorite professional athletes. This chemical epidemic is a pernicious threat to both the nation’s health and our collective sense of "fair play."
Nonprescription anabolic steroids have been illegal in the United States since 1991, and most professional sports leagues have banned them since the 1980s. These bans are partly a matter of fairness--a talented athlete trained to the peak of her ability simply cannot compete with an equivalent athlete using steroids--but also based on issues of health. Anabolic androgenic steroids ("anabolic" means that they build tissues; "androgenic" means that they increase masculine traits) have been linked to liver damage, kidney tumors, high blood pressure, balding, and acne. They function by increasing the body’s level of testosterone, the primary male sex hormone. In men, this dramatic increase in testosterone can lead to the shrinking of testicles, infertility, and the development of breasts; in women, it can lead to the growth of facial hair and permanent damage to the reproductive system. Steroids have also been linked to a range of psychological problems, including depression and psychotic rage.
The punishments for getting caught using steroids are severe, and the serious health consequences are well documented. Despite this, millions of professional and amateur athletes continue to use performance-enhancing drugs. Why is this?
One clear pattern is that many athletes will do whatever it takes to get an edge on the competition. Since the 1950s, Olympic athletes have played a cat-and-mouse game with Olympic Committee officials to get away with doping, because the drugs really do work. Athletes who dope are simply stronger and faster than their competitors who play fair. Professional athletes in football and baseball have found that steroids and human growth hormone can give them the edge to score that extra touch-down or home run, and in the modern sports market, those results can translate into millions of dollars in salary. For the millions of less talented athletes in gyms and playing fields across the country, drugs seem like the only way to approach the abilities of their heroes in professional sports.
The other clear pattern, unfortunately, is that it has been all too easy for abusers to get away with it. Steroid abuse is often regarded as a "victimless crime." One of the favored ways to trick the testers is to use "designer" steroids. There are thousands of permutations of testosterone, such as THG, that can be produced in a lab. Chemists have discovered that they can create new drugs that produce androgenic effects but do not set off the standard doping tests. Other methods have been to use the steroids but stop a few weeks before testing, to use other chemicals to mask the traces of steroids, or to switch in a "clean" sample of urine at the testing site. Other athletes use steroid precursors, such as androstene-dione, that have androgenic effects similar to those of steroids but are not illegal because they are not technically steroids. The sad fact is that unless the government and professional sports organizations are willing to get tough on the steroid problem, the use of performance-enhancing dugs in sports is not going to end. [br] According to the passage, which of the following can be inferred about the "designer" steroid THG?
选项
A、It can increase masculine traits in users without setting off standard doping tests.
B、It does not cause the health problems associated with traditional anabolic steroids.
C、Even if professional sports organizations could detect THG, they would take no action against those who use it.
D、It is a chemical permutation of progesterone, a hormone that has powerful effects on the human body.
E、Because it is a "designer" steroid, it is more expensive than generic steroids.
答案
A
解析
Referring to "designer" steroids, in the fifth paragraph the passage states: "Chemists have discovered that they can create new drugs that produce androgenic effects but do not set off the standard doping tests." In the second paragraph, the passage states: "’androgenic’ means that they increase masculine traits." There is no substantial support in the passage for any of the other answer.
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3359592.html
相关试题推荐
______thelastone,Iansweredallthequestions.A、ExceptB、ExceptforC、Beside
Ourpreferencesforcertaincolorsare______accordingtothepassage.[br]Whi
Ourpreferencesforcertaincolorsare______accordingtothepassage.[br]Whi
Ourpreferencesforcertaincolorsare______accordingtothepassage.[br]If
Agoodmodernnewspaperisanextraordinarypieceofreading.Itisremarkabl
Agoodmodernnewspaperisanextraordinarypieceofreading.Itisremarkabl
Agoodmodernnewspaperisanextraordinarypieceofreading.Itisremarkabl
They______thisnovelforfourhours.Letthemhavearest.A、arereadingB、haveb
Theresultsofthesurveyareinterestingandthey______morequestionsthanthey
ThenovelIboughtlastweekisworth______,Ithink.A、readingB、beingreadC、to
随机试题
—DoesAlanlikehamburgers?—Yes.Somuch______thatheeatsthemalmostevery
他打开了那本书,那本书是他爸爸在他13岁生日时作为礼物送给他的。(that)Heopenedthebookthathisfatherhadgiv
只引起左心室负荷加大的主要原因是:A.肺循环高压 B.体循环高压 C.右心回
下列关于中央交易对手的说法正确的是()。A.金融危机后要弱化中央交易对手 B
对某地区新引进的一种鸟的种群增长速率进行了7年的调查研究,得到的数据如下表。下列
高压熔断器更换应使用参数相同、质量合格的熔断器。在(____)时段不得进行户外高
建筑材料的性质有( )等。A.物理性质 B.力学性质 C.耐久性 D
()是对多个候选厂址进行分析评价的一种常用方法。A.分支界限法 B.重心法
在某办公大楼招标中,经过评标,则下列说法错误的是()A.评标委员会认为所有投标
通过减少库存点,维持合理的库存量,提高仓库利用率等方法来压缩销售物流成本的方法称
最新回复
(
0
)