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  3. Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. Fo

Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. Fo

游客2024-01-02  44
问题     Natural flavorings and fragrances are often costly and limited in supply. For example, the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance is extracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound; an identical synthetic substance can be made for 1% of this cost. Since the early twentieth century, success in reproducing these substances has created a new industry that today produces hundreds of artificial flavors and fragrances.
    Some natural fragrances are easily synthesized; these include vanillin, the aromatic ingredient in vanilla, and benzaldehyde, the aromatic ingredient in wild cherries. Other fragrances, however, have dozens, even hundreds of components. Only recently has it been possible to separate and identit3, these ingredients by the use of gas chromatography and spectroscopy. Once the chemical identity is known, it is often possible to synthesize them. Nevertheless, some complex substances, such as the aroma of fresh coffee, have still not been duplicated satisfactorily.
    Many of the chemical compounds making up these synthetics are identical to those found in nature, and are as harmless or harmful as the natural substances. New products must be tested for safety, and when used in food, must be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.
The availability of synthetic flavors and fragrances has made possible a large variety of products, from inexpensive beverages to perfumed soap to used cars with applied "new car odor." [br] Which of the following is true according to the passage?
选项 A、Natural rose fragrance is 100 times more expensive to produce than artificial rose fragrance.
B、The most important ingredient in a rose fragrance is obtained from natural rose oil at a low cost.
C、A different synthetic substance can be made for 1% of the cost.
D、Natural rose oil costs the same as its fragrances.
答案 A
解析 见第一段第二句的后半部分：For example，the vital ingredient in a rose fragrance is extracted from natural rose oil at a cost of thousands of dollars a pound；an identical synthetic substance can be made for 1% of this cost．意即：玫瑰香(料)所需的成分是从天然玫瑰油中萃取的，这种萃取物一磅价值要数千美元；而人工合成的玫瑰香料价值只是天然的百分之一。因此选项A为答案。
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