首页
登录
职称英语
Chronobiology might sound a little futuristic — like something from a scienc
Chronobiology might sound a little futuristic — like something from a scienc
游客
2023-12-30
48
管理
问题
Chronobiology might sound a little futuristic — like something from a science fiction novel, perhaps - but it’s actually a field of study that concerns one of the oldest processes life on this planet has ever known: short-term rhythms of time and their effect on flora and fauna.
This can take many forms. Marine life, for example, is influenced by tidal patterns. Animals tend to be active or inactive depending on the position of the sun or moon. Numerous creatures, humans included, are largely diurnal — that is, they like to come out during the hours of sunlight.
Nocturnal
animals, such as bats and possums, prefer to forage by night. A third group are known as crepuscular: they thrive in the low- light of dawn and dusk and remain inactive at other hours.
When it comes to humans, chrono-biologists are interested in what is known as the circadian rhythm. This is the complete cycle our bodies are naturally geared to undergo within the passage of a twenty-four-hour day. Aside from sleeping at night and waking during the day, each cycle involves many other factors such as changes in blood pressure and body temperature. Not everyone has an identical circadian rhythm. ’Night people’, for example, often describe how they find it very hard to operate during the morning, but become alert and focused by evening. This is a benign variation within circadian rhythms known as a chronotype.
Scientists have limited abilities to create durable modifications of chronobiological demands. Recent therapeutic developments for humans such as artificial light machines and melatonin administration can reset our circadian rhythms, for example, but our bodies can tell the difference and health suffers when we breach these natural rhythms for extended periods of time. Plants appear no more malleable in this respect; studies demonstrate that vegetables grown in season and ripened on the tree are far higher in essential nutrients than those grown in greenhouses and ripened by laser.
Knowledge of chronobiological patterns can have many pragmatic implications for our day-to-day lives. While contemporary living can sometimes appear to subjugate biology — after all, who needs circadian rhythms when we have caffeine pills, energy drinks, shift work and cities that never sleep? — keeping in synch with our body clock is important.
The average urban resident, for example, rouses at the eye-blearing time of 6.04 a.m., which researchers believe to be far too early. One study found that even rising at 7.00 a.m. has deleterious effects on health unless exercise is performed for 30 minutes afterward. The optimum moment has been whittled down to 7.22 a.m.; muscle aches, headaches and moodiness were reported to be lowest by participants in the study who awoke then.
Once you’re up and ready to go, what then? If you’re trying to shed some extra pounds, dieticians are adamant: never skip breakfast. This disorients your circadian rhythm and puts your body in starvation mode. The recommended course of action is to follow an intense workout with a carbohydrate-rich breakfast; the other way round and weight loss results are not as pronounced.
Morning is also great for breaking out the vitamins. Supplement absorption by the body is not temporal-dependent, but naturopath Pam Stone notes that the extra boost at breakfast helps us get energized for the day ahead. For improved absorption, Stone suggests pairing supplements with a food in which they are soluble and steering clear of caffeinated beverages. Finally, Stone warns to take care with storage; high potency is best for absorption, and warmth and humidity are known to deplete the potency of a supplement.
After-dinner espressos are becoming more of a tradition — we have the Italians to thank for that — but to prepare for a good night’s sleep we are better off putting the brakes on caffeine consumption as early as 3 p.m. With a seven-hour half-life, a cup of coffee containing 90 mg of caffeine taken at this hour could still leave 45 mg of caffeine in your nervous system at ten o’clock that evening. It is essential that, by the time you are ready to sleep, your body is rid of all traces.
Evenings are important for winding down before sleep; however, dietician Geraldine Georgeou warns that an after-five carbohydrate-fast is more cultural myth than chronobiological demand. This will deprive your body of vital energy needs. Overloading your gut could lead to indigestion, though. Our digestive tracts do not shut down for the night entirely, but their work slows to a crawl as our bodies prepare for sleep. Consuming a modest snack should be entirely sufficient. [br] What did researchers identify as the ideal time to wake up in the morning?
选项
A、6:04
B、7:00
C、7:22
D、7:30
答案
C
解析
根据题目定位至原文第6段。C为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:http://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3319311.html
相关试题推荐
"LifeinOurSolarSystem"Althoughwecanimaginelifebasedonsomethingot
"LifeinOurSolarSystem"Althoughwecanimaginelifebasedonsomethingot
"LifeinOurSolarSystem"Althoughwecanimaginelifebasedonsomethingot
"LifeinOurSolarSystem"Althoughwecanimaginelifebasedonsomethingot
"LifeinOurSolarSystem"Althoughwecanimaginelifebasedonsomethingot
"LifeinOurSolarSystem"Althoughwecanimaginelifebasedonsomethingot
"LifeinOurSolarSystem"Althoughwecanimaginelifebasedonsomethingot
_____inahighvoice,LittleRichardbecameakeyfigureinthebirthofrockan
AcollegegraduatewhoAistrainedinoneofthenaturalBsciencesormathematic
Ifyoucouldinventsomethingnew,whatproductwouldyoudevelop?Usespecificde
随机试题
Therainwasheavyand______thelandwasflooded.A、consequentlyB、continuously
Iwishtohaveafriendwith______sharesmyhobbiesandinterests.A、whomeverB
工程产品质量由咨询单位、设计单位、承包人、材料供应商等来完成,故质量形成具有(
案例:某工地在3层楼施工,工人在搬运砖块,由于该作业层未满铺脚手架,而只有少数脚
在城乡规划法立法背景中,《城乡规划法》是由()起草的。A.国家发展改革委
《中华民国临时约法》确立的政体是A.总统制 B.责任内阁制 C.君主立宪制
在贷款业务中,借款人()。 A.可以使用贷款购买股票 B.应当按借款合同约
发布虚假广告,欺骗和误导消费者,使购买商品或者接受服务的消费者的合法权益受到损害
下列关于行政程序法基本制度的说法中,正确的有()。A.信息公开制度是行政公开原
斗容量为1m3的反铲挖土机,挖三类土,装车,深度在3m内,小组成员4人,机械台班
最新回复
(
0
)